In this research, we applied a differential perspective to the study of action crises, i.e., being in an intra-psychic decisional conflict whether to pursue or abandon a goal once difficulties in its pursuit arise. In two studies, we investigated the role of individuals’ levels of self-awareness when experiencing such action crises. Both among professional ballet dancers (daily diary, Study 1) and university undergraduates (preregistered experience sampling, Study 2), individuals with greater levels of (dispositional and situational) self-awareness showed an adaptive, that is, problem-solving oriented way of dealing with difficulties in the pursuit of their (training or study) goals. As a consequence, self-awareness contributed to less experience of action crisis during goal pursuit and, as a result, led to better goal performance.

在本研究中，我们采用不同的视角来研究行动危机，即一旦目标出现困难，就会陷入是否追求或放弃目标的内心决策冲突。在两项研究中，我们调查了个人在经历此类行动危机时自我意识水平的作用。在专业芭蕾舞演员（每日日记，研究 1）和大学本科生（预注册经验抽样，研究 2）中，具有更高水平（性格和情境）自我意识的个体表现出适应性，即解决问题的能力在追求（培训或学习）目标的过程中处理困难的导向方式。因此，自我意识有助于减少目标追求过程中的行动危机体验，从而导致更好的目标绩效。