Particles and condensing vapors contribute to the contamination of optical components of solar thermochemical reactors including windows and secondary concentrators and result in severe reactor performance deterioration. We propose an impinging-jet solar reactor in a distinctive topology to enhance aerodynamic-aided window protection. The vector fields on the two-dimensional inner surfaces of the impinging-jet reactor and four conventional reactors are analyzed for the first time using differential topology. The topological analysis demonstrates that the application of an impinging jet in the reactor leads to the prevention of the stagnation point in the vicinity of the window, which is inevitable in any axisymmetric flow field of the conventional reactors. The transient two-dimensional flow fields of all reactors are numerically investigated using the finite volume method to understand the effects of the reactor geometry, aspect ratio, and sweep gas mass flow rate on the window protection performance characterized by the contaminant residence time and peak volumetric concentration near the window. The impinging-jet reactors with aspect ratios of one and two are found to be the most effective designs in aerodynamic-aided window protection among all investigated configurations.

颗粒和冷凝蒸汽会污染太阳能热化学反应器的光学部件，包括窗户和二次集中器，并导致反应器性能严重下降。我们提出了一种具有独特拓扑结构的冲击射流太阳能反应堆，以增强空气动力学辅助窗户保护。首次使用微分拓扑分析了冲击射流反应器和四个常规反应器的二维内表面上的矢量场。拓扑分析表明，在反应器中应用冲击射流可以防止窗口附近的停滞点，这在常规反应器的任何轴对称流场中都是不可避免的。使用有限体积法对所有反应器的瞬态二维流场进行数值研究，以了解反应器几何形状、纵横比和吹扫气体质量流量对以污染物停留时间和峰值体积为特征的窗户保护性能的影响靠近窗户的浓度。在所有研究的配置中，长宽比为 1 和 2 的冲击射流反应器被发现是空气动力学辅助窗户保护中最有效的设计。