A substantial minority of adolescents experience and use dating violence in their sexual and/or romantic relationships. Limited attention has been paid to exploring theory-driven questions about use and experience of adolescent dating violence (ADV), restricting knowledge about promising prevention targets for diverse groups of youth. To address this gap, this paper investigates whether factors tied to power imbalances (bullying, risk of social marginalization) are associated with patterns of ADV victimization and perpetration in a large sample of Canadian mid-adolescents. We used data from the 2017/2018 Health-Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study, a nationally representative sample of Canadian youth. Our study was comprised of adolescents who were in grades 9 or 10, and who had dated in the past 12 months (N = 3779). We assessed multiple forms of ADV and bullying victimization and perpetration. We also included six variables assessing adolescents’ risk of social marginalization: gender, race/ethnicity, immigration status, family structure, food insecurity, and family affluence. We used latent class analysis to explore the ways adolescents experience and use different forms of ADV, and then examined whether factors tied to power imbalances (bullying, social marginalization) were associated with classes of ADV. Three ADV classes emerged in our sample: uninvolved (65.7%), psychological and cyber victimization only (28.9%), and mutual violence (5.4%). Bullying was most strongly associated with the mutual violence class, suggesting a transformation of power from peer to romantic contexts. Social marginalization variables were associated with ADV patterns in different ways, highlighting the need to use a critical and anti-oppressive lens in ADV research and prevention initiatives.

中文翻译：

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加拿大青少年约会暴力的经历: 与社会权力失衡的关联

相当多的青少年在性和/或浪漫关系中经历并使用约会暴力。对探索有关青少年约会暴力 (ADV) 的使用和体验的理论驱动问题的关注有限，限制了对不同青年群体有希望的预防目标的了解。为了解决这一差距，本文调查了与权力不平衡相关的因素（欺凌、社会边缘化风险）是否与大量加拿大中青年样本中的 ADV 受害和犯罪模式相关。我们使用了 2017/2018 年学龄儿童健康行为 (HBSC) 研究的数据，该研究是加拿大青年的全国代表性样本。我们的研究由 9 或 10 年级的青少年组成，他们在过去 12 个月内约会过 (N = 3779)。我们评估了多种形式的 ADV 和欺凌受害和犯罪行为。我们还包括评估青少年社会边缘化风险的六个变量：性别、种族/民族、移民身份、家庭结构、粮食不安全和家庭富裕。我们使用潜在类别分析来探索青少年体验和使用不同形式的 ADV 的方式，然后检查与权力不平衡（欺凌、社会边缘化）相关的因素是否与 ADV 类别相关。我们的样本中出现了三个 ADV 类别：不涉及 (65.7%)、仅心理和网络受害 (28.9%) 和相互暴力 (5.4%)。欺凌与相互暴力阶层最密切相关，这表明权力从同伴环境转变为浪漫环境。