Physical, verbal, and relational bullying victimization are common forms of bullying victimization. Some victims may suffer only one form of victimization and some may suffer multiple forms of victimization at the same time. Bullying victimization groups are heterogeneous and different forms of victimization may have different combination patterns. Previous studies assessed patterns of bullying victimization among junior and senior high school students. However, limited studies explored patterns among elementary students and explored possible factors in shaping these patterns from the integrated perspective of family and individual. We expanded and deepened research in this area using questionnaires to collect self-report data for 866 parent/child pairs. Latent profile analysis was used to explore patterns of elementary students. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine relations between patterns and family and individual factors. We found three bullying victimization groups: severe (5.4%), verbal (13.6%), and non-bullying victimization (81%). In family factors, the time parents spent with children was a protective factor for bullying victimization, and negative interactions with children was a risk factor. Individual-level protective factors for bullying victimization were coming from a single child household, positive coping style, and perceived peer support, whereas a negative coping style was a risk factor. These results indicate that different forms of bullying victimization co-occur among elementary school students. Some family and individual factors are associated with bullying victimization patterns. It is important to consider the heterogeneity among the bullying victimization groups of elementary students and influencing factors to develop targeted prevention interventions for different bullying victimization groups.

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小学生欺凌受害的模式：家庭和个人因素的作用

身体、语言和关系欺凌受害是欺凌受害的常见形式。有些受害者可能只遭受一种形式的伤害，而有些受害者可能同时遭受多种形式的伤害。欺凌受害群体是异质的，不同形式的受害可能有不同的组合模式。以前的研究评估了初中和高中学生的欺凌受害模式。然而，有限的研究探讨了小学生的模式，并从家庭和个人的综合角度探讨了形成这些模式的可能因素。我们使用问卷调查扩大和深化了这一领域的研究，收集了 866 对父母/孩子的自我报告数据。潜在轮廓分析用于探索小学生的模式。多项逻辑回归用于检查模式与家庭和个人因素之间的关系。我们发现了三个欺凌受害群体：严重（5.4%）、口头（13.6%）和非欺凌受害（81%）。在家庭因素中，父母陪伴孩子的时间是欺凌受害的保护因素，与孩子的消极互动是风险因素。欺凌受害的个人层面保护因素来自独生子女家庭、积极的应对方式和感知到的同伴支持，而消极的应对方式是一个风险因素。这些结果表明，不同形式的欺凌受害在小学生中同时发生。一些家庭和个人因素与欺凌受害模式有关。