Global production networks (GPN) research has given limited attention to lead firms’ competitive strategies in emerging project-based industries (PBIs). Informed by the industry life cycle approach, the authors develop a process-sensitive approach that unpacks the black-boxed notion of lead firms’ competitive capabilities development processes to address this gap. The approach is operationalized in the analysis of the evolutionary trajectories of Ørsted (Denmark) and Equinor (Norway) in the emerging offshore wind power industry. Analytically, the authors differentiate between lead firms’ pre-entry, entry, and post-entry scope-related and scale-related competitive capabilities development processes. They demonstrate how these processes are shaped by industry characteristics and co-evolve with broader industry developments and extra-firm dynamics. Through this novel perspective, the paper extends conventional wisdom on the role GPNs as facilitators of knowledge transfer and of local and regional capability formation and development. The authors argue that GPNs can also facilitate both knowledge transfer to and competitive capability formation by (lead) firms.

中文翻译：

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在新兴行业中获得领先地位：对两家斯堪的纳维亚海上风电能源公司的全球生产网络分析

全球生产网络 (GPN) 研究对领先企业在新兴项目型产业 (PBI) 中的竞争战略的关注有限。在行业生命周期方法的启发下，作者开发了一种流程敏感的方法，该方法解开了领先公司竞争能力的黑盒概念解决这一差距的开发过程。该方法在分析 Ørsted（丹麦）和 Equinor（挪威）在新兴海上风电行业的发展轨迹时得以实施。在分析上，作者区分了领先企业的进入前、进入和进入后范围相关和规模相关的竞争能力发展过程。他们展示了这些过程如何受到行业特征的影响，并与更广泛的行业发展和企业外动态共同发展。通过这种新颖的视角，本文扩展了关于 GPN 作为知识转移促进者以及地方和区域能力形成与发展促进者的传统观点。作者认为，GPN 还可以促进（领先）公司的知识转移和竞争能力的形成。