Introduction: Malnutrition is considered a risk factor among geriatric individuals with hip fracture, affecting functional healing and recovery, increasing healthcare spending, and associated with high mortality. In this study, we sought to evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral nutritional supplements in geriatric patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture. Material and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 1625 consecutive patients who underwent fixation or arthroplasty for hip fracture in a tertiary medical center between 2017 and 2020. Patients who had no available albumin or body mass index levels were excluded. The study group is of patients who received an advanced formula in the form of an oral nutritional supplement (ONS), and the control group of patients that received no ONS. Peri- and postoperative complications, readmissions, short-term mortality, and albumin levels were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The final cohort included 1123 patients, 298 in the study group and 825 controls, with a follow-up of at least 1-year. Provision of the advanced enriched formula was not associated with 30-day, 90-day, or 1-year mortality (P = .62, P = .52, and P = .72, respectively) or any perioperative complications, such as 30-day or 90-day readmission (P = .37 and P = .1, respectively), revision surgery of any cause (P = .35), and postoperative infection rates (P = .73). Albumin levels on admission and the minimum albumin levels during hospitalization were similar between the groups, but they were significantly higher in the study group before discharge (33.42 g/L vs. 32.79 g/L, P = .01). Discussion: The use of an ONS was not associated with reduced perioperative complications or mortality, although it did affect nutritional status, as indicated by increased albumin levels, a known marker of nutritional status. Conclusions. While current findings do not support ONS use to minimize major postoperative complication after hip fracture surgery, further long-term study is warranted to evaluate subjective and functional outcomes associated with improved nutritional status.

中文翻译：

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口服营养补充剂对髋部骨折手术干预患者的疗效

简介：营养不良被认为是髋部骨折老年患者的危险因素，影响功能愈合和恢复，增加医疗保健支出，并与高死亡率相关。在这项研究中，我们试图评估口服营养补充剂对接受髋部骨折手术的老年患者的临床疗效。材料与方法：我们回顾性分析了 2017 年至 2020 年间在一家三级医疗中心因髋部骨折接受固定或关节置换术的 1625 名连续患者的数据。排除了没有可用白蛋白或体重指数水平的患者。研究组是接受口服营养补充剂 (ONS) 形式的高级配方的患者，对照组是未接受 ONS 的患者。比较两组围手术期和术后并发症、再入院率、短期死亡率和白蛋白水平。结果：最终队列包括 1123 名患者，其中 298 名在研究组和 825 名对照组，随访时间至少为 1 年。提供先进的浓缩配方与 30 天、90 天或 1 年死亡率（分别为 P = .62、P = .52 和 P = .72）或任何围手术期并发症（例如 30 - 天或 90 天再入院（分别为 P = .37 和 P = .1）、任何原因的翻修手术（P = .35）和术后感染率（P = .73）。两组入院时的白蛋白水平和住院期间的最低白蛋白水平相似，但出院前研究组的白蛋白水平显着升高（33.42 g/L vs. 32.79 g/L，P = .01）。讨论：ONS 的使用与围手术期并发症或死亡率的降低无关，尽管它确实会影响营养状况，正如白蛋白水平升高所表明的那样，白蛋白水平是一种已知的营养状况标志物。结论。虽然目前的研究结果不支持使用 ONS 来最大限度地减少髋部骨折手术后的主要术后并发症，但需要进一步的长期研究来评估与改善营养状况相关的主观和功能结果。