The present study investigated developmental pathways that can contribute to chronic disease among rural African Americans. With a sample of 342 African American youth (59% female) from the southeastern United States followed for nearly two decades (2001–2019), we examined the prospective association between family poverty during adolescence (ages 11–18) and insulin resistance (IR) in young adulthood (ages 25–29) as well as underlying biological and psychosocial mechanisms. Results indicated family poverty during adolescence forecast higher levels of IR in young adulthood, with accelerated immune cell aging at age 20 partially mediating this association. Serial mediational models confirmed the hypothesized pathway linking family poverty, perceived life chances, cellular aging, and IR. Findings provide empirical support for theorized developmental precursors of chronic disease.

中文翻译：

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童年贫困、免疫细胞老化和非裔美国人的胰岛素抵抗：一项前瞻性研究

本研究调查了可能导致农村非裔美国人慢性病的发育途径。我们以来自美国东南部的 342 名非裔美国青年（59% 为女性）为样本，追踪了近二十年（2001-2019 年），研究了青春期（11-18 岁）家庭贫困与胰岛素抵抗（IR ）在青年期（25-29 岁）以及潜在的生物和心理社会机制。结果表明，青春期的家庭贫困预示着青年期的 IR 水平较高，20 岁时免疫细胞加速老化部分调节了这种关联。系列中介模型证实了将家庭贫困、感知生活机会、细胞衰老和 IR 联系起来的假设途径。