X-ray photon-counting detectors capable of resolving the energies of single X-ray photons are critical in medical imaging, and a high count rate is essential for photon-counting detectors. Here, we report the performance of the perovskite CsPbBr3 single-crystal semiconductor detector for X-ray photon counting. The CsPbBr3 detector noise floor, energy response linearity, energy resolution, count rate, and polarization were evaluated. By fine-tuning the detector working conditions, our CsPbBr3 detector with a planar electrode can count an incident X-ray photon rate of ~0.099 and ~0.336 Mcps/pixel at 10% and 30% deadtime loss, respectively, with corresponding energy resolutions of ~18% at 59.5 keV and ~12% at 122 keV at same pulse processing conditions. We also demonstrated that our CsPbBr3 detectors show negligible polarization under an X-ray flux of ~0.45 M photons/s/mm2 for the typical timescale of multiple clinical X-ray scans, such as 1 s– 100 s. Our evaluation demonstrates the high potential of CsPbBr3 detectors for X-ray photon-counting applications in medical and industrial diagnostics with a lower cost than the current state-of-the-art.

中文翻译：

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用于高通量 X 射线光子计数的钙钛矿 CsPbBr3 单晶探测器

能够分辨单个 X 射线光子能量的 X 射线光子计数探测器在医学成像中至关重要，而高计数率对于光子计数探测器至关重要。在这里，我们报告了用于 X 射线光子计数的钙钛矿 CsPbBr3 单晶半导体探测器的性能。评估了 CsPbBr3 检测器本底噪声、能量响应线性度、能量分辨率、计数率和极化。通过微调探测器的工作条件，我们的带有平面电极的 CsPbBr3 探测器可以分别在 10% 和 30% 的死区时间损失下计算 ~0.099 和 ~0.336 Mcps/像素的入射 X 射线光子率，相应的能量分辨率为在相同的脉冲处理条件下，59.5 keV 时约为 18%，122 keV 时约为 12%。我们还证明，对于多次临床 X 射线扫描的典型时间尺度（例如 1 秒至 100 秒），我们的 CsPbBr3 探测器在约 0.45 M 光子/秒/mm2 的 X 射线通量下显示出可忽略的偏振。我们的评估表明，CsPbBr3 探测器在医疗和工业诊断中的 X 射线光子计数应用中具有巨大潜力，而且成本低于当前最先进的技术。