This study aimed to evaluate the theoretical pathways by which social capital can influence dental caries and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children over time. This 10-y prospective cohort started in 2010 with a sample of 639 preschoolers aged 1 to 5 y from the southern Brazil. Community and individual social capital were assessed at baseline through the presence of formal institutions in the neighborhood and social networks, respectively. In the 10-y follow-up, the individual social capital was evaluated by social trust and social networks. Dental caries was measured by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and the short version of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) was used to assess OHRQoL. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral (frequency of toothbrushing and use of dental services), and psychosocial (sense of coherence) characteristics were also assessed. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the associations between variables over time. About 429 children were reassessed at 10-y follow-up (67.1% cohort retention rate). High community social capital at baseline directly predicted lower occurrence of dental caries and better OHRQoL after 10 y. Social capital at community level also indirectly predicted lower occurrence of dental caries through sense of coherence, frequency of toothbrushing, and use of dental services. Individual social capital at follow-up was indirectly linked to OHRQoL via the psychosocial pathway (sense of coherence). Community-level social capital was associated with dental caries and OHRQoL over time. The relationship between individual social capital and oral health was mediated through the psychosocial pathway.

中文翻译：

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从童年到青春期社会资本与口腔健康之间的途径

本研究旨在评估社会资本随着时间推移影响儿童龋齿和口腔健康相关生活质量 (OHRQoL) 的理论途径。这个 10 岁的前瞻性队列始于 2010 年，样本来自巴西南部的 639 名 1 至 5 岁的学龄前儿童。社区和个人的社会资本分别通过社区和社交网络中的正式机构的存在来评估。在 10 年的随访中，个人社会资本通过社会信任和社会网络进行评估。龋齿由国际龋齿检测和评估系统 (ICDAS) 测量，儿童感知问卷 (CPQ11-14) 的简短版本用于评估 OHRQoL。人口统计、社会经济、行为（刷牙频率和使用牙科服务），还评估了社会心理（连贯感）特征。结构方程模型用于评估变量之间随时间的关联。大约 429 名儿童在 10 年的随访中接受了重新评估（67.1% 的队列保留率）。基线时较高的社区社会资本直接预测 10 年后龋齿发生率较低和 OHRQoL 较好。社区层面的社会资本还通过一致性感、刷牙频率和牙科服务的使用间接预测了龋齿发生率的降低。随访时的个人社会资本通过心理社会途径（连贯感）与 OHRQoL 间接相关。随着时间的推移，社区层面的社会资本与龋齿和 OHRQoL 相关。