Abstract

This study explores the current state-of-the-art in the detoxification and valorization of solid residues from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI), especially fly ash, using plasma vitrification. The principles and advances in hazardous material elimination, resource recovery, and system integration using plasma vitrification for MSWI fly ash are identified. The global production and the characteristics of MSWI fly ash are first reviewed. Then, the features and principles of plasma technologies used for MSWI fly ash treatment from the thermodynamic and physical aspects are provided. The mechanisms of detoxification of MSWI fly ash from the perspectives of dioxins destruction and metal separation by plasma vitrification are also discussed. Moreover, the recovery methods of valuable elements for vitrified slag are introduced. Finally, the improvement pathways of plasma vitrification processes from the domains of engineering performance, environmental impact, and economic viability are suggested.

摘要

本研究探讨了使用等离子玻璃化对城市固体废物焚烧 (MSWI) 产生的固体残留物进行解毒和增值的最新技术，尤其是飞灰。确定了使用等离子体玻璃化处理 MSWI 飞灰的有害物质消除、资源回收和系统集成的原理和进展。首先回顾了 MSWI 飞灰的全球产量和特性。然后，从热力学和物理方面介绍了用于垃圾焚烧飞灰处理的等离子技术的特点和原理。还从二恶英破坏和等离子体玻璃化金属分离的角度讨论了 MSWI 飞灰的解毒机制。介绍了玻化渣中有价元素的回收方法。最后，