Whose costs and benefits should count in cost-benefit analysis (CBA)? This is an important practical question requiring answers for analysts because most government agencies offer only permissive or vague guidance. Drawing primarily on foundational CBA principles, we present a conceptual framework for specifying standing to answer three important boundary questions: Where? Who? What? First, a standing framework requires a definition of jurisdictional boundaries (the “where” question), whether national, subnational, or supranational. Second, a framework should be clear about which persons within the jurisdiction have standing (the “who” question). For example, should undocumented residents have standing? Third, the framework requires clarity on the standing of certain individual preferences (the “what” question), such as for harmfully addictive private or public goods that express “moral sentiments,” or when choices do not maximize the value of consumption. We seek to provide guidance for CBA practice within this framework.

中文翻译：

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站在成本效益分析中：在哪里，谁，什么（重要）？

成本效益分析 (CBA) 应计入谁的成本和收益？这是一个重要的实际问题，需要分析师回答，因为大多数政府机构只提供宽松或模糊的指导。主要借鉴 CBA 的基本原则，我们提出了一个概念框架，用于指定回答三个重要边界问题的资格：在哪里？谁？什么？首先，一个常设框架需要定义管辖范围（“在哪里”问题），无论是国家的、次国家的还是超国家的。其次，一个框架应该明确管辖范围内的哪些人有资格（“谁”问题）。例如，无证居民应该有地位吗？第三，该框架需要明确某些个人偏好的地位（“什么”问题），such as for harmfully addictive private or public goods that express “moral sentiments,” or when choices do not maximize the value of consumption. 我们力求在此框架内为 CBA 实践提供指导。