For the experiments of testing the Newtonian inverse-square law (ISL) at short range, we have analyzed the residual gas damping effect under the assumption of the temperature of the gas is isothermal (Ke J et al 2020 Class. Quantum. Grav. 37 205008). However, when the test mass squeezes the gas, the temperature of the gas will change accordingly and may cause additional noise. It is essential to study this phenomenon in pursuit of higher precision test of ISL. Here, we discuss the non-isothermal squeeze film damping by using the differential equations of energy conservation and change in molecular density. The results show that this kind of Brownian motion torque noise is larger than that estimated previously and is influenced by the degrees of freedom of molecules. Namely, a larger accessible distance between test bodies is needed in comparison to the internal damping of the pendulum.

中文翻译：

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引力平方反比定律测试中的非等温挤压膜阻尼

对于近距离测试牛顿平方反比定律（ISL）的实验，我们分析了气体温度等温假设下的残余气体阻尼效应（Ke J等人2020班级。量子。重力。 37205008）。但是，当测试质量挤压气体时，气体的温度会相应变化，并可能引起额外的噪音。研究这种现象对于追求更高精度的ISL测试是必不可少的。在这里，我们通过使用能量守恒和分子密度变化的微分方程来讨论非等温挤压膜阻尼。结果表明，这种布朗运动扭矩噪声比之前估计的要大，并且受分子自由度的影响。也就是说，与摆锤的内部阻尼相比，测试体之间需要更大的可接近距离。