Purpose: To obtain safe and qualified blood products (e.g., platelets, plasma, and red blood cells), various limitations such as limited shelf life (especially for platelets) and stability must be addressed. In this review study, the most commonly used metal nanomaterials (e.g., gold, silver, iron, and magnetic) reported in the literature from 2011 to 2021 were discussed owing to their unique properties, which provide exciting approaches to overcome these limitations and improve the stability, safety, and quality of blood products. Novelty: This study reviews for the first time the results of studies (from 2011 to 2021) that consider the effects of various metallic nanoparticles on the different blood products. Results: The results of this review study showed that some metallic nanoparticles are effective in improving the stability of plasma proteins. For this purpose, modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and citrate-AuNPs protect albumin products against stressful situations. Also, SiO2 microspheres and silicacoated magnetite nanoparticles are highly capable of improving IgG stability. ZnO nanoparticles also reduced thrombin production, and protein-coated GMNP nanoparticles prevented unwanted leakage of factor VIII through blood vessels. Furthermore, the stability and longevity of erythrocytes can be improved by AuNP nanoparticles and Zr-based organic nanoparticles. In addition, platelet storage time can be improved using PEGylated Au and functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles. Suggestion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested that further research should be conducted on metal nanoparticles as the most promising candidates to prepare metal nanoparticles with improved properties to increase the stability of various blood products.

中文翻译：

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回顾使用金属纳米粒子作为克服血液制品稳定性挑战的新方法：2011-2021 年的叙述性回顾

目的：为了获得安全合格的血液制品（如血小板、血浆和红细胞），必须解决有限的保质期（尤其是血小板）和稳定性等各种限制。在这项综述研究中，讨论了 2011 年至 2021 年文献中报道的最常用的金属纳米材料（例如，金、银、铁和磁性），因为它们具有独特的性能，这些材料提供了令人兴奋的方法来克服这些限制并提高血液制品的稳定性、安全性和质量。新颖性：本研究首次回顾了考虑各种金属纳米粒子对不同血液制品影响的研究结果（从 2011 年到 2021 年）。结果：该综述研究的结果表明，某些金属纳米粒子可有效提高血浆蛋白的稳定性。为此，改性 Fe3O4 磁性纳米颗粒和柠檬酸盐-AuNP 可保护白蛋白产品免受压力情况的影响。此外，SiO2 微球和二氧化硅包覆的磁铁矿纳米颗粒非常能够提高 IgG 的稳定性。ZnO 纳米颗粒还减少了凝血酶的产生，而涂有蛋白质的 GMNP 纳米颗粒可防止因子 VIII 通过血管发生不必要的泄漏。此外，AuNP 纳米粒子和 Zr 基有机纳米粒子可以提高红细胞的稳定性和寿命。此外，使用 PEG 化 Au 和功能化氧化铁纳米颗粒可以改善血小板储存时间。建议：根据这项研究的结果，