This review summarizes my own involvement in heart rate variability (HRV) and HRV biofeedback studies, as a tribute to the late Dr. Evgeny Vaschillo. I first review psychophysiological studies on behavioral stress and relaxation performed in my laboratory using an assessment of cardiac parasympathetic activity. Although magnitude of high-frequency (HF) component of HRV corresponding respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is widely used as an index of cardiac parasympathetic function, a respiratory confound during stress or relaxation may have interfered with the proper assessment of the HF HRV. An enhanced method under frequency-controlled respiration at 0.25 Hz provided a reliable assessment of cardiac parasympathetic activity. I then review findings from HRV biofeedback research in my laboratory. Based on the hypothesis that RSA measured as an HF component of HRV represents cardiorespiratory resting function, it was demonstrated that HRV biofeedback before sleep enhanced the magnitude of HF HRV during sleep, a cardiorespiratory resting function. Moreover, by focusing on the spectral peak of the low-frequency (LF) component of HRV, paced breathing at the LF-peak frequency was shown to increase baroreflex sensitivity. Finally, I describe the potential of slow-paced abdominal breathing (i.e., Tanden breathing) performed in Zen meditation. The concept of Tanden breathing as described in a regimen from early modern Japan is introduced, and recent research findings on slow-paced abdominal breathing are summarized. Future research directions of slow-paced abdominal breathing are also discussed.

这篇评论总结了我自己参与的心率变异性 (HRV) 和 HRV 生物反馈研究，作为对已故 Evgeny Vaschillo 博士的致敬。我首先回顾了在我的实验室使用心脏副交感神经活动评估进行的关于行为压力和放松的心理生理学研究。尽管 HRV 对应的呼吸性窦性心律失常 (RSA) 的高频 (HF) 分量的大小被广泛用作心脏副交感神经功能的指标，但压力或放松期间的呼吸混淆可能干扰了对 HF HRV 的正确评估。在 0.25 Hz 的频率控制呼吸下的增强方法提供了对心脏副交感神经活动的可靠评估。然后我在我的实验室回顾 HRV 生物反馈研究的结果。基于 RSA 测量为 HRV 的 HF 成分代表心肺静息功能的假设，证明睡前 HRV 生物反馈增强了睡眠期间 HF HRV 的幅度，即心肺静息功能。此外，通过关注 HRV 的低频 (LF) 分量的频谱峰值，显示在 LF 峰值频率下的节奏呼吸可以增加压力反射敏感性。最后，我描述了慢节奏腹式呼吸的潜力（即，LF 峰值频率下的节奏呼吸显示可增加压力反射敏感性。最后，我描述了慢节奏腹式呼吸的潜力（即，LF 峰值频率下的节奏呼吸显示可增加压力反射敏感性。最后，我描述了慢节奏腹式呼吸的潜力（即，Tanden breathing）在禅修中进行。介绍了日本近代早期养生法中所描述的坦登呼吸的概念，并总结了慢节奏腹式呼吸的最新研究成果。还讨论了慢节奏腹式呼吸的未来研究方向。