The rapidly growing interest in the application of nanoscience in the future design of radiopharmaceuticals and the development of nanosized radiopharmaceuticals in the late 2000′s, resulted in the creation of a Coordinated Research Project (CRP) by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2014. This CRP entitled ‘Nanosized delivery systems for radiopharmaceuticals’ involved a team of expert scientist from various member states. This team of scientists worked on a number of cutting-edge areas of nanoscience with a focus on developing well-defined, highly effective and site-specific delivery systems of radiopharmaceuticals. Specifically, focus areas of various teams of scientists comprised of the development of nanoparticles (NPs) based on metals, polymers, and gels, and their conjugation/encapsulation or decoration with various tumor avid ligands such as peptides, folates, and small molecule phytochemicals. The research and development efforts also comprised of developing optimum radiolabeling methods of various nano vectors using diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides including Tc-99m, Ga-68, Lu-177 and Au-198. Concerted efforts of teams of scientists within this CRP has resulted in the development of various protocols and guidelines on delivery systems of nanoradiopharmaceuticals, training of numerous graduate students/post-doctoral fellows and publications in peer reviewed journals while establishing numerous productive scientific networks in various participating member states. Some of the innovative nanoconstructs were chosen for further preclinical applications—all aimed at ultimate clinical translation for treating human cancer patients. This review article summarizes outcomes of this major international scientific endeavor.

中文翻译：

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原子能机构对用于药物输送的纳米靶向放射性药物的贡献

2000 年代后期，人们对纳米科学在未来放射性药物设计和纳米级放射性药物开发中的应用兴趣迅速增长，这导致国际原子能机构 (IAEA) 在2014. 这个 CRP 题为“放射性药物的纳米输送系统”涉及来自不同成员国的专家科学家团队。这支科学家团队致力于纳米科学的许多前沿领域，重点是开发定义明确、高效和特定地点的放射性药物输送系统。具体来说，各个科学家团队的重点领域包括开发基于金属、聚合物和凝胶的纳米粒子 (NP)，以及它们与各种肿瘤狂热配体（如肽、叶酸和小分子植物化学物质）的缀合/封装或装饰。研究和开发工作还包括使用诊断和治疗放射性核素（包括 Tc-99m、Ga-68、Lu-177 和 Au-198）开发各种纳米载体的最佳放射性标记方法。该 CRP 内的科学家团队齐心协力，制定了关于纳米放射性药物输送系统的各种协议和指南，培训了众多研究生/博士后研究员，并在同行评审期刊上发表了文章，同时在各种参与中建立了许多富有成效的科学网络成员国。一些创新的纳米结构被选择用于进一步的临床前应用——所有这些都旨在最终临床转化为治疗人类癌症患者。这篇评论文章总结了这一重大国际科学努力的成果。培训众多研究生/博士后研究员并在同行评审期刊上发表文章，同时在各个参与成员国建立大量富有成效的科学网络。一些创新的纳米结构被选择用于进一步的临床前应用——所有这些都旨在最终临床转化为治疗人类癌症患者。这篇评论文章总结了这一重大国际科学努力的成果。培训众多研究生/博士后研究员并在同行评审期刊上发表文章，同时在各个参与成员国建立大量富有成效的科学网络。一些创新的纳米结构被选择用于进一步的临床前应用——所有这些都旨在最终临床转化为治疗人类癌症患者。这篇评论文章总结了这一重大国际科学努力的成果。