Abstract

Learning the subtype of dyslexia may help shorten the rehabilitation process and focus more on the relevant special education or diet for children with dyslexia. For this purpose, the resting-state eyes-open 2-min QEEG measurement data were collected from 112 children with dyslexia (84 male, 28 female) between 7 and 11 years old for 96 sessions per subject on average. The z-scores are calculated for each band power and each channel, and outliers are eliminated afterward. Using the k-Means clustering method, three different clusters are identified. Cluster 1 (19% of the cases) has positive z-scores for theta, alpha, beta-1, beta-2, and gamma-band powers in all channels. Cluster 2 (76% of the cases) has negative z-scores for theta, alpha, beta-1, beta-2, and gamma-band powers in all channels. Cluster 3 (5% of the cases) has positive z-scores for theta, alpha, beta-1, beta-2, and gamma-band powers at AF3, F3, FC5, and T7 channels and mostly negative z-scores for other channels. In Cluster 3, there is temporal disruption which is a typical description of dyslexia. In Cluster 1, there is a general brain inflammation as both slow and fast waves are detected in the same channels. In Cluster 2, there is a brain maturation delay and a mild inflammation. After Auto Train Brain training, most of the cases resemble more of Cluster 2, which may mean that inflammation is reduced and brain maturation delay comes up to the surface which might be the result of inflammation. Moreover, Cluster 2 center values at the posterior parts of the brain shift toward the mean values at these channels after 60 sessions. It means, Auto Train Brain training improves the posterior parts of the brain for children with dyslexia, which were the most relevant regions to be strengthened for dyslexia.

摘要

了解阅读障碍的亚型可能有助于缩短康复过程，并更多地关注阅读障碍儿童的相关特殊教育或饮食。为此，我们收集了 112 名 7 至 11 岁阅读障碍儿童（84 名男性，28 名女性）的静息状态睁眼 2 分钟 QEEG 测量数据，平均每个受试者 96 次。计算每个频段功率和每个通道的 z 分数，然后消除异常值。使用 k-Means 聚类方法，识别出三个不同的聚类。集群 1（占 19% 的案例）在所有通道中的 theta、alpha、beta-1、beta-2 和 gamma 波段功率的 z 分数均为正值。集群 2（76% 的情况）在所有通道中的 theta、alpha、beta-1、beta-2 和 gamma 波段功率的 z 分数为负。集群 3（占 5% 的案例）在 AF3、F3、FC5 和 T7 通道上的 theta、alpha、beta-1、beta-2 和 gamma 波段功率的 z 得分为正，而其他通道的 z 得分大多为负渠道。在集群 3 中，存在时间中断，这是阅读障碍的典型描述。在簇 1 中，由于在同一通道中检测到慢波和快波，因此存在普遍的脑部炎症。在集群 2 中，存在大脑成熟延迟和轻度炎症。经过 Auto Train Brain 训练后，大多数情况更像是 Cluster 2，这可能意味着炎症减少，大脑成熟延迟浮现出来，这可能是炎症的结果。此外，在 60 次训练后，大脑后部的聚类 2 中心值向这些通道的平均值转变。它的意思是，