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Bioprospecting for bioactive compounds in microalgae: Antimicrobial compounds
Biotechnology Advances ( IF 16.0 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107977
Wendy A Stirk 1 , Johannes van Staden 1
Affiliation  

While there are many opportunities to use microalgae as antimicrobial agents, little has been done to develop them beyond the characterization phase to the biotechnology phase. One challenge when screening microalgae for antimicrobial activity is their ability to synthesize biologically active secondary metabolites in response to environmental triggers. In order to identify potential strains with good antimicrobial activity and to advance the development of microalgae as antimicrobial agents, a rigorous scientific approach is required. Microalgae are most commonly screened for antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion assay but this assay is problematic and produces false-positive and false-negative results. Quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values generated in assays such as the microdilution broth assay are more reproducible and enable comparison of results between research groups. For the present review, a dataset was compiled of published MIC values for microalgae. The Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta were the best represented and other phyla were under represented. This data was used for assessment of factors influencing antimicrobial activity, including test microorganisms, microalgae taxonomy, different solvents for extraction and the growth phase at harvest. Activity was considered good if MIC values were < 1 mg/mL, moderate if MIC values were 1–8 mg/mL and weak with MIC >8.0 mg/mL. Areas requiring more research are discussed including screening a greater diversity of species in appropriate assays, reporting negative results, testing the culture supernatant for activity, synergistic effects and identifying antimicrobial compounds in the Chlorophyta. The potential for successful development and commercialization of microalgae antimicrobial agents will increase as more microalgae are screened and compounds identified.



中文翻译:

微藻中生物活性化合物的生物勘探:抗菌化合物

虽然使用微藻作为抗菌剂的机会很多,但在从表征阶段到生物技术阶段的开发方面几乎没有做任何事情。筛选微藻的抗菌活性时面临的一个挑战是它们合成具有生物活性的次级代谢物以响应环境触发因素的能力。为了识别具有良好抗菌活性的潜在菌株并促进微藻作为抗菌剂的开发,需要一种严谨的科学方法。微藻最常使用圆盘扩散测定法筛选抗菌活性,但该测定法存在问题并产生假阳性和假阴性结果。在微量稀释肉汤测定等测定中产生的定量最小抑制浓度 (MIC) 值更具重现性,并且能够比较研究组之间的结果。在本次审查中,收集了已发布的微藻 MIC 值的数据集。蓝藻门和绿藻门代表最好,其他门代表不足。该数据用于评估影响抗菌活性的因素,包括测试微生物、微藻分类、不同的提取溶剂和收获时的生长阶段。如果 MIC 值 < 1 mg/mL,则认为活性良好,如果 MIC 值为 1-8 mg/mL,则认为活性中等,如果 MIC >8.0 mg/mL,则认为活性较弱。讨论了需要更多研究的领域,包括在适当的分析中筛选更多种类的物种,报告阴性结果,测试培养上清液的活性、协同效应并鉴定绿藻中的抗菌化合物。随着更多微藻的筛选和化合物的鉴定,微藻抗菌剂成功开发和商业化的潜力将增加。

更新日期:2022-05-14
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