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Unequal allocation of overt and covert attention in Multiple Object Tracking
Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-13 , DOI: 10.3758/s13414-022-02501-7
Veronica Hadjipanayi, Andria Shimi, Casimir J. H. Ludwig, Christopher Kent

In many real-life contexts, where objects are moving around, we are often required to allocate our attention unequally between targets or regions of different importance. However, typical multiple object tracking (MOT) tasks, primarily investigate equal attention allocation as the likelihood of each target being probed is the same. In two experiments, we investigated whether participants can allocate attention unequally across regions of the visual field, using a MOT task where two regions were probed with either a high and low or with equal priority. Experiment 1 showed that for high-priority regions, accuracy (for direction of heading judgments) improved, and participants had more frequent and longer fixations in that region compared with a low-priority region. Experiment 2 showed that eye movements were functional in that they slightly improved accuracy when participants could freely move their eyes compared with when they had to centrally fixate. Replicating Experiment 1, we found better tracking performance for high compared with low-priority regions, in both the free and fixed viewing conditions, but the benefit was greater for the free viewing condition. Although unequal attention allocation is possible without eye movements, eye movements seem to improve tracking ability, presumably by allowing participants to fixate more in the high-priority region and get a better, foveal view of the objects. These findings can help us better understand how observers in real-life settings (e.g., CCTV monitoring, driving) can use their limited attentional capacity to allocate their attention unequally in a demand-based manner across different tracking regions.



中文翻译:

多目标跟踪中显性和隐性注意力分配不均

在许多现实生活环境中,物体四处移动,我们经常需要在不同重要性的目标或区域之间分配我们的注意力。然而,典型的多目标跟踪 (MOT) 任务主要研究同等注意力分配,因为每个目标被探测的可能性是相同的。在两个实验中,我们调查了参与者是否可以不平等地分配注意力跨视野区域,使用 MOT 任务,其中两个区域以高和低或同等优先级进行探测。实验 1 表明,与低优先级区域相比,对于高优先级区域,准确性(航向判断方向)提高了,并且参与者在该区域有更频繁和更长时间的注视。实验 2 表明,与必须集中注视时相比,当参与者可以自由移动眼睛时,眼球运动是功能性的,它们略微提高了准确性。复制实验 1,我们发现在自由和固定观看条件下,与低优先级区域相比,高优先级区域的跟踪性能更好,但自由观看条件下的好处更大。尽管没有眼球运动也可能导致注意力分配不均,眼球运动似乎提高了跟踪能力,大概是通过允许参与者更多地注视在高优先级区域并获得更好的物体中心凹视图。这些发现可以帮助我们更好地了解现实生活环境中的观察者(例如,闭路电视监控、驾驶)如何利用他们有限的注意力能力,以基于需求的方式在不同的跟踪区域之间不平等地分配他们的注意力。

更新日期:2022-05-14
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