Malignant brain tumor is a life-threatening disease with a low survival rate. The therapies available for the treatment of brain tumor is limited by poor uptake via the blood–brain barrier. The challenges with the chemotherapeutics used for the treatment of brain tumors are poor distribution, drug toxicity, and their inability to pass via the blood–brain barrier, etc. Several researchers have investigated the potential of nanomedicines for the treatment of brain cancer. Nanomedicines are designed with nanosize particle sizes with a large surface area and are loaded with bioactive agents via encapsulation, immersion, conjugation, etc. Some nanomedicines have been approved for clinical use. The most crucial part of nanomedicine is that they promote drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier, display excellent specificity, reduce drug toxicity, enhance drug bioavailability, and promote targeted drug release mechanisms. The aforementioned features make them promising therapeutics for brain targeting. This review reports the in vitro and in vivo results of nanomedicines designed for the treatment of brain cancers.

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基于聚合物的纳米药物治疗脑癌的疗效

恶性脑肿瘤是一种危及生命的疾病，生存率低。可用于治疗脑肿瘤的疗法受到血脑屏障吸收不良的限制。用于治疗脑肿瘤的化疗药物面临的挑战是分布不均、药物毒性以及它们无法通过血脑屏障等。一些研究人员已经研究了纳米药物治疗脑癌的潜力。纳米药物被设计为具有大表面积的纳米级粒径，并通过包封、浸入、缀合等方式装载生物活性剂。一些纳米药物已被批准用于临床。纳米医学最关键的部分是它们促进药物穿过血脑屏障，表现出优异的特异性，降低药物毒性，提高药物生物利用度，促进靶向药物释放机制。上述特征使它们有望成为脑靶向治疗药物。本综述报告了用于治疗脑癌的纳米药物的体外和体内结果。