Over the most recent decades, the development of new biological platforms to study disease progression and drug efficacy has been of great interest due to the high increase in the rate of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Therefore, blood–brain barrier (BBB) as an organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platform to mimic brain-barrier performance could offer a deeper understanding of NDDs as well as a very valuable tool for drug permeability testing for new treatments. A very attractive improvement of BBB-oC technology is the integration of detection systems to provide continuous monitoring of biomarkers in real time and a fully automated analysis of drug permeably, rendering more efficient platforms for commercialization. In this Perspective, an overview of the main BBB-oC configurations is introduced and a critical vision of the BBB-oC platforms integrating electronic read out systems is detailed, indicating the strengths and weaknesses of current devices, proposing the great potential for biosensors integration in BBB-oC. In this direction, we name potential biomarkers to monitor the evolution of NDDs related to the BBB and/or drug cytotoxicity using biosensor technology in BBB-oC.

中文翻译：

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血脑屏障中的生物传感器集成：用于监测神经退行性疾病的新兴平台

近几十年来，由于神经退行性疾病 (NDD) 发病率的高增长，开发用于研究疾病进展和药物疗效的新生物平台引起了人们的极大兴趣。因此，血脑屏障 (BBB) 作为一种模拟脑屏障性能的芯片上器官 (OoC) 平台可以提供对 NDD 的更深入了解，以及对新疗法的药物渗透性测试非常有价值的工具。BBB-oC 技术的一个非常有吸引力的改进是检测系统的集成，以提供对生物标志物的实时连续监测和对药物渗透性的全自动分析，从而为商业化提供更有效的平台。在这个观点中，介绍了主要 BBB-oC 配置的概述，并详细介绍了 BBB-oC 平台集成电子读出系统的关键愿景，指出了当前设备的优缺点，提出了 BBB-oC 中生物传感器集成的巨大潜力。在这个方向上，我们使用 BBB-oC 中的生物传感器技术命名潜在的生物标志物来监测与 BBB 和/或药物细胞毒性相关的 NDD 的演变。