Purpose

Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has been associated with poor health outcomes, including chronic pain. However, little is known about the potential impact on the development of pelvic pain in adolescents and young adults. This systematic review was conducted to explore the association between ACEs and dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and dyspareunia in adolescents and young adults.

Methods

Medline, Embase, and PsycNET were searched, using keywords related to childhood adversity, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and dyspareunia.

Results

Of the 566 articles identified, 19 studies were included. There was an association between the number and severity of ACEs and the risk of dysmenorrhea. Sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder appeared to be associated with dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and dyspareunia, but it was unclear whether this relationship was mediated by poorer mental health. No association was found for immigration and bullying, and findings were inconsistent regarding female genital mutilation, parental separation, and parental death.

Conclusions

Future research should include longitudinal follow-up and use validated tools to assess childhood adversity. A greater understanding of the risk of ACEs among adolescents and young adults with dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and dyspareunia could provide insight into the development of these conditions.

中文翻译：

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青少年和年轻人的童年逆境与痛经、盆腔疼痛和性交困难风险之间的关联：系统评价

目的

接触不良童年经历 (ACE) 与健康状况不佳有关，包括慢性疼痛。然而，关于对青少年和年轻人骨盆疼痛发展的潜在影响知之甚少。本系统评价旨在探讨 ACE 与青少年和年轻人痛经、盆腔痛和性交困难之间的关系。

方法

使用与童年逆境、痛经、盆腔痛和性交困难相关的关键词对 Medline、Embase 和 PsycNET 进行了搜索。

结果

在确定的 566 篇文章中，纳入了 19 项研究。ACE 的数量和严重程度与痛经风险之间存在关联。性虐待和创伤后应激障碍似乎与痛经、盆腔痛和性交困难有关，但尚不清楚这种关系是否由较差的心理健康介导。没有发现移民和欺凌有关联，关于女性生殖器切割、父母分居和父母死亡的研究结果也不一致。

结论

未来的研究应包括纵向随访并使用经过验证的工具来评估童年逆境。对患有痛经、慢性盆腔痛和性交困难的青少年和年轻人的 ACE 风险有更深入的了解，可以深入了解这些疾病的发展。