Background

With increasing requirements for medical effects, and huge differences among individuals, traditional surgical instruments are difficult to meet the patients' growing medical demands. 3D printing is increasingly mature, which connects to medical services critically as well. The patient specific surgical guide plate provides the condition for precision medicine in orthopaedics.

Methods

In this paper, a systematic review of the orthopedic guide template is presented, where the history of 3D-printing-guided technology, the process of guides, and basic clinical applications of orthopedic guide templates are described. Finally, the limitations of the template and possible future directions are discussed.

Results

The technology of 3D printing surgical templates is increasingly mature, standard, and intelligent. With the help of guide templates, the surgeon can easily determine the direction and depth of the screw path, and choose the angle and range of osteotomy, increasing the precision, safety, and reliability of the procedure in various types of surgeries. It simplifies the difficult surgical steps and accelerates the growth of young and mid-career physicians. But some problems such as cost, materials, and equipment limit its development.

Conclusions

In different fields of orthopedics, the use of guide templates can significantly improve surgical accuracy, shorten the surgical time, and reduce intraoperative bleeding and radiation. With the development of 3D printing, the guide template will be standardized and simplified from design to production and use. 3D printing guides will be further sublimated in the application of orthopedics and better serve the patients.

The translational potential of this paper

Precision, intelligence, and individuation are the future development direction of orthopedics. It is more and more popular as the price of printers falls and materials are developed. In addition, the technology of meta-universe, digital twin, and artificial intelligence have made revolutionary effects on template guides. We aim to summarize recent developments and applications of 3D printing guide templates for engineers and surgeons to develop more accurate and efficient templates.

中文翻译：

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3D打印导板模板在骨科中的临床应用及前景

背景

随着对医疗效果的要求越来越高，个体差异巨大，传统的手术器械难以满足患者日益增长的医疗需求。3D 打印日益成熟，它也与医疗服务密切相关。患者专用手术导板为骨科精准医疗提供了条件。

方法

本文对骨科引导模板进行了系统综述，介绍了 3D 打印引导技术的历史、引导过程以及骨科引导模板的基本临床应用。最后，讨论了模板的局限性和可能的​​未来方向。

结果

3D打印手术模板技术日益成熟、标准化、智能化。借助引导模板，外科医生可以轻松确定螺钉路径的方向和深度，选择截骨的角度和范围，提高各类手术的手术精度、安全性和可靠性。它简化了困难的手术步骤，加速了年轻和中年医生的成长。但成本、材料、设备等一些问题限制了它的发展。

结论

在骨科的不同领域中，使用导板可以显着提高手术精度，缩短手术时间，减少术中出血和辐射。随着3D打印的发展，引导模板从设计到生产和使用都将标准化和简化。3D打印导板将在骨科应用中得到进一步升华，更好地为患者服务。

本文的转化潜力

精准化、智能化、个性化是骨科未来的发展方向。随着打印机价格的下降和材料的开发，它越来越受欢迎。此外，元宇宙、数字孪生、人工智能等技术对模板指南产生了革命性的影响。我们旨在为工程师和外科医生总结 3D 打印指南模板的最新发展和应用，以开发更准确和高效的模板。