Objectives: The current study examines the relationship between immigration, school punishment, and place in schools near the U.S.-Mexico border using a racial threat framework. Given the consequences of the immigration-crime link and the growing perception of the U.S.-Mexico border as a crime-ridden place, this study explores how immigration within certain places may differentially impact outcomes of school punishment. Methods: Using Generalized Linear Modeling (GLM) with a logistic link function, we examine the relationship between immigration and school violence by probing variation in school punishment and juvenile justice referrals across Texas schools given their proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border. Results: First, we find that Texas schools located near the U.S.-Mexico border have lower juvenile justice and school discipline rates net other variables in comparison to Texas schools away from the border. Second, we observe a negative relationship between a rise in the immigrant student population and punishment in Texas schools far from the U.S.-Mexico border and no relationship in Texas schools near the U.S.-Mexico border net of other factors. Conclusion: The current study highlights that the local context, such as proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border, is significant when examining the racial threat perspective in school punishment and warrants further attention in future research.

目标：目前的研究使用种族威胁框架检查了移民、学校惩罚和在美墨边境附近学校的安置之间的关系。鉴于移民与犯罪联系的后果以及人们日益认为美墨边境是犯罪猖獗的地方，本研究探讨了某些地方的移民如何对学校惩罚的结果产生不同的影响。方法：使用具有逻辑链接函数的广义线性模型 (GLM)，我们通过探究靠近美墨边境的德克萨斯州学校的学校惩罚和少年司法转介的变化，来检验移民与校园暴力之间的关系。结果：首先，我们发现德克萨斯州的学校位于美国附近 -与远离边境的德克萨斯学校相比，墨西哥边境的少年司法和学校纪律率净其他变量较低。其次，我们观察到移民学生人数的增加与远离美墨边境的得克萨斯州学校的惩罚之间存在负相关关系，而在美墨边境网附近的得克萨斯州学校没有其他因素的关系。结论：目前的研究强调，在检查学校惩罚中的种族威胁观点时，当地环境（例如靠近美墨边境）非常重要，值得在未来的研究中进一步关注。- 墨西哥边境和德州学校没有关系，靠近美墨边境网的其他因素。结论：目前的研究强调，在检查学校惩罚中的种族威胁观点时，当地环境（例如靠近美墨边境）具有重要意义，在未来的研究中值得进一步关注。- 墨西哥边境和德州学校没有关系，靠近美墨边境网的其他因素。结论：目前的研究强调，在检查学校惩罚中的种族威胁观点时，当地环境（例如靠近美墨边境）具有重要意义，在未来的研究中值得进一步关注。