Stigma changes over time: it waxes and wanes through history, is manifested within humans who develop over time and is tied to statuses (such as attributes, illnesses and identities) that have varying courses. Despite the inherent fluidity of stigma, theories, research and interventions typically treat associations between stigma and health as stagnant. Consequently, the literature provides little insight into when experiences of stigma are most harmful to health and when stigma interventions should be implemented. In this Perspective, we argue that integrating time into stigma research can accelerate progress towards understanding and intervening in associations between stigma and health inequities. We situate time in relation to key concepts in stigma research, identify three timescales that are relevant for understanding stigma (historical context, human development and status course), and outline a time-based research agenda to improve scientists' ability to understand and address stigma to improve health.

中文翻译：

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将时间整合到耻辱感和健康研究中。

污名随着时间的推移而变化：它在历史上起起落落，在随着时间的推移发展的人类中表现出来，并与具有不同进程的状态（例如属性、疾病和身份）相关联。尽管污名具有内在的流动性，但理论、研究和干预通常将污名与健康之间的关联视为停滞不前。因此，关于耻辱感何时对健康最有害以及何时应该实施耻辱感干预，文献几乎没有提供任何见解。在这个观点中，我们认为将时间整合到污名化研究中可以加速理解和干预污名化与健康不公平之间关联的进展。我们将时间与耻辱研究中的关键概念联系起来，