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Priority for climate adaptation measures in European crop production systems
European Journal of Agronomy ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2022.126516
Jin Zhao, Marco Bindi, Josef Eitzinger, Roberto Ferrise, Zinta Gaile, Anne Gobin, Annelie Holzkämper, Kurt-Christian Kersebaum, Jerzy Kozyra, Zita Kriaučiūnienė, Evelin Loit, Pavol Nejedlik, Claas Nendel, Ülo Niinemets, Taru Palosuo, Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio, Vera Potopová, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, Jørgen E. Olesen

To date, assessing the adaptive measures to climate change effects on cropping systems have generally been based on data from field trials and crop models. This strategy can only explore a restricted number of options with a limited spatial extent. Therefore, we designed a questionnaire that incorporated both qualitative and quantitative aspects of climate change adaptation in the agricultural sector. The questionnaire was distributed to experts from 15 European countries to map both the observed and planned climate adaptive measures in general and for five major crops (wheat, oilseed rape, maize, potato, and grapevine) in six environmental zones (EnZs) across Europe. In northern Europe, changed timing of field operations and introduction of new crops and cultivars were the already observed as the main adaptations to a longer growing season and reduced low-temperature stress under climate change. Farmers in central and southern Europe were mainly changing water and soil management as well as adopting drought-tolerant cultivars to cope with increasing evapotranspiration and higher variability and lower predictability of rainfall. Crop protection, crop insurance, and early warning/forecast systems were considered effective ways to reduce the economic losses from increased climate-related risks and extremes. The risks and associated adaptation measures vary for different crops in different EnZs. Across Europe, changes in field operation practices, fertilisation regime, crop protection, and cultivar selection are expected to be the most prominent adaptive measures under future projected climate change. In southern and central Europe, improved irrigation systems, changing cropping systems, and revised environmental regulations and subsidy schemes are being introduced as part of adaptation planning due to the projected warmer and drier climate. In northern Europe, there are also considerations of changing landscape and environmental regulations to cope with increasing rainfall variability and changing cropping practices due to longer growing seasons. The thorough understanding of the observed and foreseen adaptations in the different zones will be helpful for supporting decision making at both farm and policy levels across Europe.



中文翻译:

欧洲作物生产系统中气候适应措施的优先事项

迄今为止,评估气候变化对种植系统影响的适应性措施通常基于来自田间试验和作物模型的数据。这种策略只能在有限的空间范围内探索有限数量的选项。因此,我们设计了一份调查问卷,其中包含农业部门气候变化适应的定性和定量方面。该问卷已分发给来自 15 个欧洲国家的专家,以绘制整个欧洲六个环境区 (EnZ) 中观察到的和计划的气候适应措施以及五种主要作物(小麦、油菜、玉米、马铃薯和葡萄藤)的总体情况。在北欧,已经观察到改变田间作业时间和引进新作物和新品种是适应较长生长季节和减少气候变化下的低温压力的主要因素。中欧和南欧的农民主要是改变水和土壤管理,以及采用耐旱品种来应对不断增加的蒸散量和更高的可变性和更低的降雨可预测性。作物保护、作物保险和早期预警/预报系统被认为是减少气候相关风险和极端事件增加造成的经济损失的有效方法。不同能源区的不同作物的风险和相关适应措施各不相同。在整个欧洲,田间作业实践、施肥制度、作物保护、和品种选择预计将是未来预计的气候变化下最突出的适应性措施。在南欧和中欧,由于预计气候变暖和干燥,作为适应计划的一部分,正在引入改进的灌溉系统、改变种植系统以及修订的环境法规和补贴计划。在北欧,人们还考虑改变景观和环境法规,以应对因生长季节较长而导致的降雨变化增加和种植方式的变化。对不同地区观察到和预见的适应情况的透彻了解将有助于支持整个欧洲的农场和政策层面的决策。由于预计气候变暖和干燥,作为适应规划的一部分,正在引入改进的灌溉系统、改变种植系统以及修订的环境法规和补贴计划。在北欧,人们还考虑改变景观和环境法规,以应对因生长季节较长而导致的降雨变化增加和种植方式的变化。对不同地区观察到和预见的适应情况的透彻了解将有助于支持整个欧洲的农场和政策层面的决策。由于预计气候变暖和干燥,作为适应规划的一部分,正在引入改进的灌溉系统、改变种植系统以及修订的环境法规和补贴计划。在北欧,人们还考虑改变景观和环境法规,以应对因生长季节较长而导致的降雨变化增加和种植方式的变化。对不同地区观察到和预见的适应情况的透彻了解将有助于支持整个欧洲的农场和政策层面的决策。还需要考虑改变景观和环境法规,以应对因生长季节延长而导致的降雨变化增加和种植方式的变化。对不同地区观察到和预见的适应情况的透彻了解将有助于支持整个欧洲的农场和政策层面的决策。还需要考虑改变景观和环境法规,以应对因生长季节延长而导致的降雨变化增加和种植方式的变化。对不同地区观察到和预见的适应情况的透彻了解将有助于支持整个欧洲的农场和政策层面的决策。

更新日期:2022-05-12
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