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Planococcus ficus and the spread of grapevine leafroll disease in vineyards: a 30-year-long case study in north-West Spain
European Journal of Plant Pathology ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s10658-022-02513-x
Cristina Cabaleiro, Ana M. Pesqueira, Antonio Segura

The mealybug Planococcus ficus is one of the main vectors of Grapevine leafroll associated virus-3 (GLRaV-3), which was commonly detected in cv “Albariño” planting material before certified stock was available. Mealybug infestations were rare in vineyards in southern Galicia (NW Spain) during the 1990s (2.2% of the vineyards surveyed) and are still rare in inland zones. However, mealybug infestations have spread since 2000, with 15% of surveyed vineyards infested in 2004 and 80% of surveyed vineyards infested in 2016. The spatial and temporal distributions of plants infected with GLRaV-3 were quantified over a 30-year period in an experimental plot established in 1989. The disease progress curve (DPC) was linear for 25 years, with a slow constant rate of spread of less than one newly infected plant per year (0.6%). Since 1992, >82% of infected plants were located on the west side of the plot as were 84% of newly infected plants. Newly infected plants were in contact with infected plants, suggesting vector-mediated transmission, but no potential vectors were found. In 2013, a small mealybug infestation was detected and identified as Pl. ficus. Between 2014 and 2016, the infection rate increased to >21% per year, and in 2019 all plants tested positive for GLRaV-3. This is a valuable case study illustrating how changes to the vector fauna can increase the rate of spread of an economically important virus of grapevine.



中文翻译:

Planococcus ficus 和葡萄卷叶病在葡萄园中的传播:西班牙西北部长达 30 年的案例研究

粉蚧Planococcus ficus是葡萄卷叶相关病毒 3的主要载体之一(GLRaV-3),在获得认证库存之前,通常在 cv“Albariño”种植材料中检测到。1990 年代,加利西亚南部(西班牙西北部)的葡萄园很少发生粉蚧侵扰(占所调查葡萄园的 2.2%),在内陆地区仍然很少见。然而,自 2000 年以来,粉蚧感染已经蔓延,2004 年有 15% 的调查葡萄园受到感染,2016 年调查的葡萄园中有 80% 受到感染。感染 GLRaV-3 的植物的空间和时间分布在 30 年期间被量化1989 年建立的试验区。疾病进展曲线 (DPC) 呈线性长达 25 年,传播速度缓慢且恒定,每年不到一株新感染植物 (0.6%)。自 1992 年以来,超过 82% 的受感染植物和 84% 的新感染植物都位于地块的西侧。新感染的植物与受感染的植物接触,表明载体介导的传播,但没有发现潜在的载体。2013 年,检测到一种小型粉蚧侵染,并确定为PL。榕。在 2014 年至 2016 年期间,感染率增加到每年 > 21%,并且在 2019 年,所有植物的 GLRaV-3 检测均呈阳性。这是一个有价值的案例研究,说明了媒介动物群的变化如何增加一种具有重要经济意义的葡萄树病毒的传播速度。

更新日期:2022-05-13
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