An attempt has been made to analyze the temporal and spatial patterns of human-elephant conflict (HEC) and mitigation measures adopted in West Bengal, a thickly populated and agrarian state of India. West Bengal supports only 2% elephant population of India but contributes to the highest human casualties due to HEC. A total of 726 human deaths, 1233 human injuries, 51,542.027 ha areas of crop loss, 34,446 hut damage, and 136 unnatural elephant deaths were reported in West Bengal during April 2010 to March 2019 due to direct HEC. Electrocution was the leading cause of unnatural elephant deaths, followed by train accidents and poaching. South Bengal witnessed maximum crop raiding by elephants. About INR 59.09 crores were compensated by the government to the victims of wild elephant depredation during the same period. Both human and elephant population is increasing and resulting in higher HEC. Natural elephant habitats become fragmented and even degraded due to rapid urbanization and human intervention. Increasing HECs not only cause a negative impact on the agro-based and forest-based household economy of rural people living in conflict prone areas of almost thirteen districts of the state, but also pose a major threat to elephant conservation. Apart from traditional short-term elephant driving practices, several long-term cost-effective and innovative mitigation measures should also be taken involving local communities and other stakeholders for proper management of natural elephant habitat, restoration of elephant corridors, protection of elephants, reduction of HEC, and sustainable development in the state of West Bengal.

已尝试分析人象冲突 (HEC) 的时空模式以及印度人口稠密的农业邦西孟加拉邦采取的缓解措施。西孟加拉邦仅支持印度 2% 的大象种群，但由于 HEC 造成的人类伤亡人数最多。2010 年 4 月至 2019 年 3 月期间，西孟加拉邦共报告了 726 人死亡、1233 人受伤、51,542.027 公顷农作物损失、34,446 间小屋受损和 136 头非自然大象死亡，原因是直接 HEC。触电是大象非自然死亡的主要原因，其次是火车事故和偷猎。南孟加拉邦目睹了大象对农作物的最大袭击。政府在同一时期向野生大象掠夺的受害者赔偿了约 590.9 亿印度卢比。人类和大象的数量都在增加，导致 HEC 更高。由于快速的城市化和人为干预，自然大象栖息地变得支离破碎甚至退化。HECs的增加不仅对生活在该州近13个地区冲突多发地区的农村人口的农业和森林家庭经济造成负面影响，而且对大象保护构成重大威胁。除了传统的短期大象驾驶实践外，还应采取一些具有成本效益和创新性的长期缓解措施，让当地社区和其他利益相关者参与，以妥善管理大象自然栖息地、恢复大象走廊、保护大象、减少HEC 和西孟加拉邦的可持续发展。