This study conducted the solid fermentation process of Dioscorea nipponica using endophytic fungi C39 to determine the changes in the diosgenin concentration. The results revealed that endophytic fungi C39 could effectively biotransform the saponin components in D. nipponica. Moreover, the maximum increase in the diosgenin concentration reached 62.67% in 15 days of solid fermentation. MTT assay results demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of the fermentation drugs on four types of cancer cells (liver cancer cells (HepG2), stomach cancer cells (BGC823), cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and lung cancer cells (A549)) were better than those of the crude drugs obtained from D. nipponica. The chemical composition of the samples obtained before and after the biotransformation of D. nipponica was analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. A total of 32 compounds were identified, 21 of which have been reported in Dioscorea saponins and the ChemSpider database and 11 compounds were identified for the first time in D. nipponica. The biotransformation process was inferred based on the variation trend of saponins, which included transformation pathways pertaining to glycolytic metabolism, ring closure reaction, dehydrogenation, and carbonylation. The cumulative findings provide the basis for the rapid qualitative analysis of the saponin components of D. nipponica before and after biotransformation. The 11 metabolites obtained from biotransformation are potential active ingredients obtained from D. nipponica, which can be used to further identify pharmacodynamically active substances.

中文翻译：

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内生真菌C39生物转化薯蓣后皂苷成分的研究

本研究利用内生真菌 C39 对薯蓣进行固体发酵过程，以确定薯蓣皂苷元浓度的变化。结果表明，内生真菌C39可以有效地生物转化D. nipponica中的皂苷成分。此外，固体发酵15天薯蓣皂苷元浓度的最大增幅达到62.67%。MTT检测结果表明，发酵药物对四种癌细胞（肝癌细胞（HepG2）、胃癌细胞（BGC823）、宫颈癌细胞（HeLa）和肺癌细胞（A549））的抑制效果较好。比得自D. nipponica的生药. 采用 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS 对日本竹芋生物转化前后样品的化学成分进行分析。共鉴定出 32 种化合物，其中 21 种已在薯蓣皂甙和 ChemSpider 数据库中得到报道，11 种化合物在D. nipponica中首次鉴定。根据皂苷的变化趋势推断生物转化过程，包括糖酵解代谢、闭环反应、脱氢和羰基化等转化途径。累积的研究结果为快速定性分析日本大白菜的皂苷成分提供了基础生物转化前后。从生物转化中获得的11种代谢物是从D. nipponica获得的潜在活性成分，可用于进一步鉴定药效学活性物质。