This work screened out the optimal conditions for pretreatment of natural lignocellulose with inorganic salts and provided a simple, easy-to-operate, low-cost, clean and efficient pretreatment method for the efficient degradation of natural lignocellulose by strains. The results showed that the optimal pretreatment inorganic salt was FeCl₂ with a concentration of 11%, pretreatment at 60 °C for 48 h, and the solid–liquid ratio was 1:11 (g/mL). According to the characterization results, after pretreatment of FeCl₂ solution, the smooth and dense structure of natural lignocellulose surface became rough and irregular, and surface fiber bundles showed spalling and fracture. Subsequently, the enzymes produced by solid-state fermentation of Aspergillus fumigatus were easier to enter the interior, which increased the contact area between materials and enzymes, and increased the amount of enzymatic loads, thereby improving the biodegradation effect.

本工作筛选出无机盐预处理天然木质纤维素的最佳条件，为菌株高效降解天然木质纤维素提供了一种简单、易操作、低成本、清洁高效的预处理方法。结果表明，最佳预处理无机盐为浓度为11%的FeCl ₂，在60 ℃下预处理48 h，固液比为1:11（g/mL）。表征结果表明，经过FeCl ₂溶液预处理后，天然木质纤维素表面光滑致密的结构变得粗糙不规则，表面纤维束出现剥落和断裂。随后，烟曲霉固态发酵产生的酶更容易进入内部，增加了物料与酶的接触面积，增加了酶的负载量，从而提高了生物降解效果。