ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study is to describe the prevalence and individual predictors of mental distress (anxiety, depression, and burnout) in a sample of volunteers engaged in emergency services. A total of 823 volunteers enrolled in the Red Cross auxiliary corps were surveyed between 28 June 2021 and 28 August 2021 (299 men and 524 women). After deployment in anti-COVID-19 operations, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Big Five Inventory through an online platform. A moderately severe risk of depression was found in 1.70% of the sample. A severe risk for anxiety disorders was found in 1.82%. A high risk for emotional exhaustion was found in 3.40%, depersonalization in 12.88%, and low personal accomplishment in 7.53%. Women showed a higher risk of both depression and anxiety in comparison to males. Personality factors were significant predictors for all dimensions. In contrast to the current literature, openness was found to be a predisposing personality factor in developing burnout dimensions. The relevance of the current findings for the development of effective screening tools before the deployment of reserve forces during medical crises is discussed.

摘要

本研究的目的是描述参与紧急服务的志愿者样本中精神困扰（焦虑、抑郁和倦怠）的患病率和个体预测因素。2021年6月28日至2021年8月28日期间，共有823名红十字辅助队志愿者接受了调查（其中299名男性和524名女性）。在部署抗击COVID-19行动后，参与者通过在线平台完成了患者健康问卷、广泛性焦虑症问卷、Maslach倦怠量表和大五量表。1.70% 的样本存在中重度抑郁症风险。1.82% 的人存在严重的焦虑症风险。3.40%的人情绪衰竭的风险较高，12.88%的人存在人格解体的风险，7.53%的人存在个人成就感低的风险。与男性相比，女性患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险更高。人格因素是所有维度的重要预测因素。与当前的文献相反，开放性被发现是发展倦怠维度的一个诱发人格因素。讨论了当前研究结果对于在医疗危机期间部署后备部队之前开发有效筛查工具的相关性。