Lanthanides (Ln³⁺) are a unique class of optical materials and are extensively used as building blocks for optoelectronic device architectures due to their outstanding luminescent properties spanning from UV/Visible to NIR region. This review provides a comprehensive depth description of the variety of host lattices and their coordination chemistry of doped luminescent Ln³⁺ ions. Crystal structures, morphologies, co-dopant sensitizers to boost the luminescence efficiency, and the formation of the core/shell structure were explored to examine their impact on the efficiency of luminescence performance. Additionally, this review wraps up with recent advances, major future opportunities, and challenges for further development in the field of Photonics-based research. The flourishing development of active Ln³⁺ nanostructures opens new avenues for their utilization in medical, biotechnological, and applied material sciences in future research directions.

镧系元素 (Ln ³⁺ ) 是一类独特的光学材料，由于其从紫外/可见到近红外区域的出色发光特性，被广泛用作光电器件架构的构建块。本综述全面深入地描述了掺杂发光 Ln ^{3+的各种主晶格及其配位化学}离子。研究了晶体结构、形态、提高发光效率的共掺杂敏化剂以及核/壳结构的形成，以检查它们对发光性能效率的影响。此外，本综述总结了基于光子学的研究领域进一步发展的最新进展、未来的主要机遇和挑战。^{活性Ln 3+}纳米结构的蓬勃发展为其在医学、生物技术和应用材料科学未来研究方向的应用开辟了新途径。