A new methodology to accurately simulate the Photon Detection Efficiency and the Jitter tail of SPAD devices is presented. This method first relies on the use of the electric field lines to mimic the carriers’ trajectories. A model for impact ionization and avalanche probability is then used on the obtained lines to simulate the probability of avalanche, coupled with the optical absorption, the PDE is then extracted. Finally, an advection–diffusion model is used to simulate the drift and diffusion of carriers within the device, which leads to the timing jitter due to the transport time from the photogeneration spot to the avalanche region. The results obtained numerically are compared with an extensive series of measurements and show a good agreement on a wide variety of device designs.

提出了一种准确模拟 SPAD 器件的光子检测效率和抖动尾部的新方法。这种方法首先依赖于使用电场线来模拟载流子的轨迹。然后在获得的线上使用碰撞电离和雪崩概率模型来模拟雪崩概率，再加上光吸收，然后提取 PDE。最后，使用平流-扩散模型来模拟器件内载流子的漂移和扩散，这会导致由于从光生点到雪崩区域的传输时间而导致的时序抖动。以数值方式获得的结果与一系列广泛的测量结果进行了比较，并在各种设备设计上显示出良好的一致性。