Solar energy is a clean and abundant energy source. In a photoelectrochemical cell, energy from sunlight is captured and converted into electric power, chemical fuels such as hydrogen is employed to degrade organic pollutants. ZnO is a promising material for photoelectrocatalysis due to its remarkable properties. The aim of this review is to perform an exhaustive revision of nanostructured ZnO synthesis by electrochemical anodization in order to control surface characteristics of this material through anodization parameters such as electrolyte type and concentration, potential, time, temperature, stirring, and post treatment. Finally, application of ZnO nanostructures is overviewed to observe how surface characteristics affected the ZnO photoelectrocatalytic performance.

中文翻译：

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氧化锌纳米结构：阳极氧化合成及其在光电催化中的应用

太阳能是一种清洁而丰富的能源。在光电化学电池中，来自阳光的能量被捕获并转化为电能，化学燃料（如氢）被用于降解有机污染物。ZnO因其卓越的性能而成为一种很有前途的光电催化材料。本综述的目的是通过电化学阳极氧化对纳米结构的 ZnO 合成进行详尽的修订，以便通过阳极氧化参数（例如电解质类型和浓度、电位、时间、温度、搅拌和后处理）控制该材料的表面特性。最后，概述了 ZnO 纳米结构的应用，以观察表面特性如何影响 ZnO 光电催化性能。