Fungi are accepted as novel sources of chitinous materials. The present study was performed to produce chitinous material from locally isolated Penicillium crustosum TZ18 (GenBank accesion number: OM095448) using molasses as substrate, prepare chitosan from chitinous material and investigate the antibacterial activity of the prepared chitosan. An initial pH of 6.0, a molasses concentration of 120 g/L, a temperature of 25 °C and an incubation time of 5 days were the most favourable parameters for the production of chitinous material. Under the optimized culture conditions, fungal biomass of 29.5 g/L and total chitinous material of 7.79 g/L (26.4%) could be produced. The chitin and chitosan concents of chitinous material were 97 (7.56 g/L) and 3% (0.23 g/L), respectively. Chitin fraction was converted into the chitosan (Penicillium chitosan, PC) by deacetylation process. FT-IR results revealed that the functional groups of PC and commercial chitosan (CC) were very similar to each other. Deacetylation degrees of PC and CC were found to be 78.3 and 76.9%, respectively. The viscosity-average molecular weights of PC and CC were determined as 122.7 and 298.3 kDa, respectively. When compared to CC, PC was found to have higher antibacterial efficiency against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. High antibacterial efficiency of the chitosan could be ascribed to its low molecular weight and high deacetylation degree. The chitosan may be useful for biomadical applications. The production of chitinous material from P. crustosum and the antibacterial efficiency of P. crustosum chitosan were investigated for the first time in the present study.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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用地壳青霉TZ18制备高效抗菌壳聚糖

真菌被认为是几丁质材料的新来源。本研究旨在从局部分离的青霉菌中生产几丁质材料TZ18（GenBank登录号：OM095448）以糖蜜为底物，利用几丁质材料制备壳聚糖，并考察了制备的壳聚糖的抗菌活性。初始 pH 为 6.0、糖蜜浓度为 120 g/L、温度为 25 °C 和孵育时间为 5 天是生产几丁质材料的最有利参数。在优化的培养条件下，可产生29.5 g/L的真菌生物量和7.79 g/L（26.4%）的总几丁质材料。几丁质材料的几丁质和壳聚糖浓度分别为 97 (7.56 g/L) 和 3% (0.23 g/L)。几丁质部分通过脱乙酰化过程转化为壳聚糖（Penicillium chitosan，PC）。FT-IR 结果表明，PC 和商业壳聚糖 (CC) 的官能团非常相似。PC和CC的脱乙酰度分别为78.3%和76.9%。PC 和 CC 的粘均分子量分别测定为 122.7 和 298.3 kDa。与 CC 相比，PC 被发现对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有更高的抗菌效率。壳聚糖的高抗菌效率可归因于其低分子量和高脱乙酰度。壳聚糖可用于生物医学应用。壳多糖生产几丁质材料及壳多糖的抑菌效果本研究首次对壳聚糖进行了研究。

图形概要