Violence against women (VAW) and violence against children (VAC) are public health issues of global concern. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a commonly occurring form of VAW and there is evidence to suggest that IPV and VAC frequently co-occur within the same families. This systematic literature review searched for studies published in any language between 1^st January 2000 to 16^th February 2021 and identified 33 studies that provided findings for co-occurring IPV and VAC in 24 low- and middle-income countries (PROSPERO: CRD42020180179). These studies were split into subgroups based on the types of co-occurring violence they present and meta-analyses were conducted to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) within these subgroups. Our results indicate a significant association between IPV and VAC, with all pooled ORs showing a significant positive association between the two. Almost half of the studies focused exclusively on co-occurrence between male-to-female IPV and female caregiver-to-child VAC; few authors reported on male caregiver-to-child violence. Only three studies identified risk factors for co-occurring IPV and VAC, and those that did suggested conflicting findings on the risks associated with maternal age, alcohol and drug use, and parental education level. We also found incongruity in the violence definitions and measurements used across studies. Future research should aim to develop more consistent definitions and measurements for co-occurrence and move beyond solely examining dyadic and unidirectional violence occurrence in families; this will allow us to better understand the interrelationships between these different forms of abuse.

暴力侵害妇女 (VAW) 和暴力侵害儿童 (VAC) 是全球关注的公共卫生问题。亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 是 VAW 的一种常见形式，有证据表明 IPV 和 VAC 经常在同一个家庭中同时发生。本系统文献综述检索了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 16 日期间以任何语言^发表的研究2021 年 2 月，确定了 33 项研究，这些研究为 24 个低收入和中等收入国家同时发生的 IPV 和 VAC 提供了调查结果（PROSPERO：CRD42020180179）。这些研究根据它们呈现的同时发生的暴力类型分为亚组，并进行荟萃分析以计算这些亚组内的汇总优势比 (OR)。我们的结果表明 IPV 和 VAC 之间存在显着关联，所有合并的 OR 均显示两者之间存在显着的正相关。几乎一半的研究只关注男性对女性的 IPV 和女性看护人对孩子的 VAC 之间的共存；很少有作者报告男性看护人对儿童的暴力行为。只有三项研究确定了同时发生 IPV 和 VAC 的风险因素，而那些确实提出了与孕产妇年龄相关的风险的相互矛盾的发现，酗酒和吸毒，以及父母的教育水平。我们还发现跨研究使用的暴力定义和测量值不一致。未来的研究应旨在为共同发生制定更一致的定义和衡量标准，而不仅仅是检查家庭中的二元和单向暴力发生；这将使我们能够更好地了解这些不同形式的虐待之间的相互关系。