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Changes of soil structure under different tillage management assessed by bulk density, penetrometer resistance, water retention curve, least limiting water range and X-ray computed tomography
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2022.105420
Meng Tian , Shijie Qin , W. Richard Whalley , Hu Zhou , Tusheng Ren , Weida Gao

Soil structure influences the soil hydraulic properties, aeration and resistance to root penetration. Many indicators can be used to investigate the changes of soil structure, but using a single indicator or method has limitations. This study evaluates the effects of 15-years tillage management on soil structure with soil bulk density (BD), penetrometer resistance (PR), soil water retention curve (SWRC), least limiting water range (LLWR) and X-ray computed tomography (CT). The treatments include no-tillage (NT), rotary tillage (RT), and mouldboard plough (MP). Soil bulk density of the 0–30 cm soil profile was measured after the establishment of tillage treatments for 7, 9, 12 and 14-years. The values of PR, SWRC, LLWR, and 3-D pore geometry of the 5–10 and 15–20 cm layers were determined in the 15th year of the experiment. The greater BD in the 0–5 cm layer of NT was not observed after 9 years, but an increased BD in the 5–20 cm layer was found in most years. Tillage had no effect on PR in wet soil. When soil had dried, the NT treatment had a greater PR and it was the lower limiting factor of LLWR, ultimately leading to a narrower LLWR of NT. Both NT and RT showed lower proportions of structural but higher textural pores. The macroporosity (> 50 µm) from X-ray CT was greater than that estimated from SWRC of the 15–20 cm layer. The characteristics of pore morphology were similar under three tillage treatments. Therefore, NT resulted in a narrower LLWR due to the denser soil layer, yet similar macropores may alleviate the negative impacts on crop growth caused by lower LLWR. It was suggested that using LLWR and characteristics of macropores from X-ray CT at the same time is a suitable way to assess soil structure under various tillage practices.



中文翻译:

不同耕作管理下土壤结构变化通过容重、透度计阻力、保水曲线、最小限制水范围和X射线计算机断层扫描评估

土壤结构影响土壤的水力特性、通气性和抗根系穿透性。许多指标可用于调查土壤结构的变化,但使用单一指标或方法存在局限性。本研究评估了 15 年耕作管理对土壤结构的影响,包括土壤容重 ( BD)、穿透计阻力 ( PR )、土壤保水曲线 (SWRC)、最小限制水范围 (LLWR) 和 X 射线计算机断层扫描 (计算机断层扫描)。处理方法包括免耕 (NT)、旋耕 (RT) 和犁板犁 (MP)。在建立 7、9、12 和 14 年的耕作处理后测量 0-30 cm 土壤剖面的土壤容重。PR的价值观、SWRC、LLWR 和 5-10 和 15-20 cm 层的 3-D 孔隙几何形状是在实验的第 15 年确定。9 年后未观察到 NT 0-5 cm 层的BD较大,但大多数年份发现 5-20 cm 层的BD增加。耕作对潮湿土壤中的PR没有影响。当土壤干燥时,NT 处理具有更大的PR它是 LLWR 的下限因素,最终导致 NT 的 LLWR 变窄。NT 和 RT 都显示出较低比例的结构孔隙但较高的纹理孔隙。X 射线 CT 的大孔隙率 (> 50 µm) 大于 15-20 cm 层的 SWRC 估计值。三种耕作处理下孔隙形态特征相似。因此,由于土壤层较密,NT 导致较窄的 LLWR,但类似的大孔可以减轻较低 LLWR 对作物生长造成的负面影响。有人建议,同时使用 LLWR 和 X 射线 CT 的大孔隙特征是评估各种耕作方式下土壤结构的合适方法。

更新日期:2022-05-08
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