High-temperature superconducting (HTS) direct current (dc) power cable systems, capable of delivering power exceeding 10 MW while being cooled with cryogenic helium gas, have been developed for applications on naval electric ships, electric aircraft and in data centers. Current injection from room temperature into the superconducting power cable causes by far the greatest heat load to the cryogenic system. Efficient current leads with integrated helium gas heat exchangers were developed to inject a current exceeding 1 kA from room temperature into a superconducting Conductor on Round Core (CORC^®) power cable, without the need for liquid nitrogen pre-cooling. A 2 m long single-pole CORC^® power cable system that included current leads was cooled using a Stirling cryocooler with a closed-loop helium gas circulation system. The turnkey power cable system allowed cool down from room temperature to its operating temperature of 60 K–70 K within 5 h, after which continuous operation at 1.2 kA was demonstrated. The successful development and demonstration of a CORC^® power cable with current leads containing integrated helium gas heat exchangers enables widespread implementation of HTS MW-class, high current density superconducting dc power cables in many applications with constrained space that require a power dense solution.

中文翻译：

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带集成电流引线的交钥匙气态氦气冷却超导 CORC® 直流电源线

高温超导 (HTS) 直流 (dc) 电力电缆系统能够提供超过 10 MW 的功率，同时用低温氦气冷却，已开发用于海军电动船、电动飞机和数据中心。从室温注入超导电缆的电流对低温系统造成了迄今为止最大的热负荷。开发出带有集成氦气热交换器的高效电流引线，可将室温下超过 1 kA 的电流注入圆芯超导导体 (CORC ® )^电力电缆中，无需液氮预冷。一个 2 m 长的单极^CORC®使用带有闭环氦气循环系统的斯特林低温冷却器冷却包括电流引线的电力电缆系统。交钥匙电力电缆系统允许在 5 小时内从室温冷却到 60 K-70 K 的工作温度，之后证明在 1.2 kA 下连续运行。带有包含集成氦气热交换器的电流引线的 CORC ® 电力电缆的成功开发和演示使 HTS MW 级、高电流密度超导直流电力电缆能够在空间受限且需要功率密集型解决方案的许多应用中得到广泛^实施。