Between 2014 and 2019, Central Europe was subject to unusually high temperatures and periods of drought due to climate change, with a subsequent occurrence of low and zero flows. As aquatic organisms have shaped their life strategies in direct relation to natural hydrological regimes, any changes to these regimes necessarily lead to a cascade of responses in biota species composition in the ecosystem concerned. Here, we examine changes in aquatic macroinvertebrates assemblage composition and diversity in a small fishless headwater brook in a highland area of the Czech Republic that took place between 2010 and 2019. While flow rates were relatively constant prior to 2014, the hydrological regime was significantly influenced by periods of severe drought between 2017 and 2019, with periods of zero discharge and dry riverbed. The shift from a perennial to an intermittent stream led to an increase in generalist taxa abundance and a decline in lotic taxa, while the abundance of lentic and semi-aquatic taxa was subjected to fluctuations non-related to the hydrological regime (drought occurrence). During the period of droughts, the abundance of taxa recognised as indicators of good quality water declined, while the numbers of those indicating moderately to heavily polluted environments increased.

在 2014 年至 2019 年期间，由于气候变化，中欧经历了异常高温和干旱期，随后出现了低流量和零流量。由于水生生物的生活策略与自然水文状况直接相关，因此对这些状况的任何改变都必然导致相关生态系统中生物群物种组成的级联反应。在这里，我们研究了 2010 年至 2019 年期间捷克共和国高地地区一条无鱼源头小溪中水生大型无脊椎动物组合组成和多样性的变化。虽然在 2014 年之前流速相对恒定，但水文状况受到了显着影响2017 年至 2019 年的严重干旱时期，零排放和干涸的河床时期。从多年生到间歇性河流的转变导致泛化类群丰度增加和流动类群减少，而静水和半水生类群的丰度受到与水文状况无关的波动（干旱发生）。在干旱期间，被认为是优质水指标的类群丰度下降，而指示中度至重度污染环境的类群数量增加。