ABSTRACT

Soil degradation with salinity and sodicity has become a major issue in Egypt causing a decline in soil quality and crop productivity in these soils. The addition of gypsum (G), rice straw compost (C) and foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles (Z) as foliar application and their combinations to improve soil quality and physiology of wheat plants in saline-sodic soil is unclear. We studied the effects of G, C, Z and their integrated application in the field experiment during the two winter seasons in full form design on some soil properties, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activity and yield of wheat plants grown in the saline – sodic soil. The results showed that the addition of G, C or Z alone or their integrated application led to a significant increase in soil total porosity, infiltration rate, organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) uptake, the yield of wheat plant and a decrease in soil salinity and exchangeable sodium percentage in both seasons. The proline, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase content increased by 605.0%, 20.5% and 12.1% for Z while it increased by 617.5%, 34.4% and 15.2% for G + Z, respectively, compared to the control. The experimental results confirmed that integration of G or C with foliar application of Z can be a promising strategy to alleviate abiotic stresses wheat plants grown under saline-sodic soil and improve their quality.

摘要

土壤盐分和碱度退化已成为埃及的一个主要问题，导致这些土壤的土壤质量和作物生产力下降。添加石膏 (G)、稻草堆肥 (C) 和叶面喷施 ZnO 纳米粒子 (Z) 作为叶面喷施及其组合改善盐碱地小麦植物的土壤质量和生理机能尚不清楚。我们研究了 G、C、Z 及其在两个冬季全形态设计的田间试验中的综合应用对盐碱土中小麦的一些土壤性质、脯氨酸含量、抗氧化酶活性和产量的影响。 . 结果表明，单独添加 G、C 或 Z 或它们的综合施用导致土壤总孔隙度、入渗率、有机质 (OM)、氮 (N)、磷 (P)、钾 (K) 和锌 (Zn) 的吸收、小麦植株的产量以及两个季节土壤盐分和可交换钠百分比的降低。与对照相比，Z组脯氨酸、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶含量分别增加了605.0%、20.5%和12.1%，而G+Z组分别增加了617.5%、34.4%和15.2%。实验结果证实，将 G 或 C 与叶面喷施 Z 相结合是一种有前景的策略，可以缓解盐碱土壤下生长的小麦植物的非生物胁迫并提高其品质。与对照相比，G + Z 分别为 4% 和 15.2%。实验结果证实，将 G 或 C 与叶面喷施 Z 相结合是一种有前景的策略，可以缓解盐碱土壤下生长的小麦植物的非生物胁迫并提高其品质。与对照相比，G + Z 分别为 4% 和 15.2%。实验结果证实，将 G 或 C 与叶面喷施 Z 相结合是一种有前景的策略，可以缓解盐碱土壤下生长的小麦植物的非生物胁迫并提高其品质。