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Indirect and Direct Effects of SARS-CoV-2 on Human Pancreatic Islets.
Diabetes Pub Date : 2022-07-01 , DOI: 10.2337/db21-0926
Moufida Ben Nasr 1, 2 , Francesca D'Addio 1, 3 , Laura Montefusco 1 , Vera Usuelli 1 , Cristian Loretelli 1 , Antonio Rossi 3 , Ida Pastore 3 , Ahmed Abdelsalam 1 , Anna Maestroni 1 , Marco Dell'Acqua 1, 3 , Elio Ippolito 1 , Emma Assi 1 , Andy Joe Seelam 1 , Roberta Maria Fiorina 1 , Enrica Chebat 3 , Paola Morpurgo 3 , Maria Elena Lunati 3 , Andrea Mario Bolla 3 , Reza Abdi 4 , Joseph V Bonventre 4 , Stefano Rusconi 5 , Agostino Riva 5 , Domenico Corradi 6 , Pierachille Santus 7, 8 , Pamela Clark 9 , Manuela Nebuloni 8, 10 , Gabriella Baldi 11 , Giovanna Finzi 12 , Franco Folli 13 , Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti 14 , Massimo Galli 5 , Kevan C Herold 9 , Paolo Fiorina 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Recent studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may induce metabolic distress, leading to hyperglycemia in patients affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). We investigated the potential indirect and direct effects of SARS-CoV-2 on human pancreatic islets in 10 patients who became hyperglycemic after COVID-19. Although there was no evidence of peripheral anti-islet autoimmunity, the serum of these patients displayed toxicity on human pancreatic islets, which could be abrogated by the use of anti-interleukin-1β (IL-1β), anti-IL-6, and anti-tumor necrosis factor α, cytokines known to be highly upregulated during COVID-19. Interestingly, the receptors of those aforementioned cytokines were highly expressed on human pancreatic islets. An increase in peripheral unmethylated INS DNA, a marker of cell death, was evident in several patients with COVID-19. Pathology of the pancreas from deceased hyperglycemic patients who had COVID-19 revealed mild lymphocytic infiltration of pancreatic islets and pancreatic lymph nodes. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2-specific viral RNA, along with the presence of several immature insulin granules or proinsulin, was detected in postmortem pancreatic tissues, suggestive of β-cell-altered proinsulin processing, as well as β-cell degeneration and hyperstimulation. These data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 may negatively affect human pancreatic islet function and survival by creating inflammatory conditions, possibly with a direct tropism, which may in turn lead to metabolic abnormalities observed in patients with COVID-19.

中文翻译:

SARS-CoV-2 对人类胰岛的间接和直接影响。

最近的研究表明,严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染可能会引起代谢窘迫,导致冠状病毒病 19 (COVID-19) 患者出现高血糖。我们研究了 SARS-CoV-2 对 10 名在 COVID-19 后出现高血糖的患者的人类胰岛的潜在间接和直接影响。尽管没有外周抗胰岛自身免疫的证据,但这些患者的血清对人胰岛表现出毒性,可以通过使用抗白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、抗IL-6和抗IL-6来消除这种毒性。抗肿瘤坏死因子 α,已知在 COVID-19 期间高度上调的细胞因子。有趣的是,上述细胞因子的受体在人胰岛上高度表达。外周未甲基化 INS DNA 增加,细胞死亡的标志物,在几名 COVID-19 患者中很明显。已故的患有 COVID-19 的高血糖患者的胰腺病理学显示胰岛和​​胰腺淋巴结有轻度淋巴细胞浸润。此外,在死后胰腺组织中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性病毒 RNA,以及一些未成熟的胰岛素颗粒或胰岛素原的存在,表明 β 细胞改变了胰岛素原加工,以及 β 细胞变性和过度刺激。这些数据表明,SARS-CoV-2 可能通过产生炎症条件(可能具有直接趋向性)对人类胰岛功能和存活产生负面影响,这反过来可能导致在 COVID-19 患者中观察到的代谢异常。已故的患有 COVID-19 的高血糖患者的胰腺病理学显示胰岛和​​胰腺淋巴结有轻度淋巴细胞浸润。此外,在死后胰腺组织中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性病毒 RNA,以及一些未成熟的胰岛素颗粒或胰岛素原的存在,表明 β 细胞改变了胰岛素原加工,以及 β 细胞变性和过度刺激。这些数据表明,SARS-CoV-2 可能通过产生炎症条件(可能具有直接趋向性)对人类胰岛功能和存活产生负面影响,这反过来可能导致在 COVID-19 患者中观察到的代谢异常。已故的患有 COVID-19 的高血糖患者的胰腺病理学显示胰岛和​​胰腺淋巴结有轻度淋巴细胞浸润。此外,在死后胰腺组织中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性病毒 RNA,以及一些未成熟的胰岛素颗粒或胰岛素原的存在,表明 β 细胞改变了胰岛素原加工,以及 β 细胞变性和过度刺激。这些数据表明,SARS-CoV-2 可能通过产生炎症条件(可能具有直接趋向性)对人类胰岛功能和存活产生负面影响,这反过来可能导致在 COVID-19 患者中观察到的代谢异常。在死后胰腺组织中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性病毒 RNA,以及一些未成熟的胰岛素颗粒或胰岛素原的存在,表明 β 细胞改变了胰岛素原加工,以及 β 细胞变性和过度刺激。这些数据表明,SARS-CoV-2 可能通过产生炎症条件(可能具有直接趋向性)对人类胰岛功能和存活产生负面影响,这反过来可能导致在 COVID-19 患者中观察到的代谢异常。在死后胰腺组织中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性病毒 RNA,以及一些未成熟的胰岛素颗粒或胰岛素原的存在,表明 β 细胞改变了胰岛素原加工,以及 β 细胞变性和过度刺激。这些数据表明,SARS-CoV-2 可能通过产生炎症条件(可能具有直接趋向性)对人类胰岛功能和存活产生负面影响,这反过来可能导致在 COVID-19 患者中观察到的代谢异常。
更新日期:2022-05-02
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