Antimicrobial compounds from the commensal gut microbiota have gained much attention due to their multifunctionality in maintaining good health in the host and killing multidrug-resistant bacteria. Our previous study showed that Paenibacillus jilinensis YPG26 isolated from chicken intestine can antagonize multiple pathogens. Herein, we characterized a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance, jileicin, purified from P. jilinensis YPG26. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that jileicin was a protein consisting of 211 amino acids, which showed 88.98% identity to the SIMPL domain-containing protein. The jileicin showed a relatively broad-spectrum antibacterial ability, especially against enterococci. Additionally, the jileicin exhibited good stability after various treatments, no detectable resistance, no significant cytotoxicity, and very low levels of hemolytic activity. The mode of action against Enterococcus faecium demonstrated that jileicin could destroy cell membrane integrity, increase cell membrane permeability, and eventually lead to cell death. Furthermore, jileicin was efficient in controlling the growth of E. faecium in milk. In conclusion, jileicin, as a newly identified antibacterial agent, is expected to be a promising candidate for application in the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries.

中文翻译：

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吉林类芽孢杆菌 YPG26 新型抗菌剂吉雷菌素的纯化、表征、作用方式及应用

来自共生肠道微生物群的抗菌化合物因其在维持宿主健康和杀死多重耐药细菌方面的多功能性而备受关注。我们之前的研究表明，从鸡肠中分离出的吉林类芽孢杆菌YPG26 可以拮抗多种病原体。在此，我们表征了一种从P. jilinensis中纯化的类细菌素抑制物质 jileicinYPG26。质谱分析表明，jileicin 是一种由 211 个氨基酸组成的蛋白质，与包含 SIMPL 结构域的蛋白质显示出 88.98% 的同一性。吉雷菌素表现出相对广谱的抗菌能力，尤其是对肠球菌。此外，jileicin 在各种处理后表现出良好的稳定性，没有可检测到的耐药性，没有明显的细胞毒性，并且溶血活性水平非常低。对粪肠球菌的作用方式表明，吉雷菌素可以破坏细胞膜完整性，增加细胞膜通透性，最终导致细胞死亡。此外，吉雷菌素可有效控制粪肠球菌的生长在牛奶中。总之，吉雷菌素作为一种新发现的抗菌剂，有望在食品、制药和生物医药行业中得到应用。