Fourier light field microscopy (FLFM) shows great potential in high-speed volumetric imaging of biodynamics. However, due to the inherent disadvantage of wide-field illumination, it suffers from intense background, arising from out of the depth-of-field signal and tissue scattered noise. The background will not only deteriorate the image contrast, making quantitative measurement difficult, but also introduce artifacts, especially in functional imaging of the neuronal network activity in vivo. Here, we propose the robust Fourier light field microscopy (RFLFM), which suppresses the background in FLFM by introducing structured illumination and computational reconstruction based on HiLo. The superior performance of RFLFM is verified by volumetric imaging of biological dynamics in larval zebrafish and mouse in vivo, at a volumetric imaging rate up to 33.3 Hz. The statistical results show that the fluorescence background can be significantly depressed, with the signal-to-background ratio improved by orders of magnitude and the whole image contrast improved by as much as $\sim 10.4$ times. Moreover, we stress that, in functional imaging of neuronal network activity in turbid brain tissues, our system can avoid artifacts resulting from background fluctuations, while conventional light field microscopy fails. As a simple but powerful tool, we anticipate our technique to be widely adopted in robust, high-contrast, high-speed volumetric imaging.

中文翻译：

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通过强大的傅里叶光场显微镜将体内高速体积成像中的信噪比提高几个数量级

傅里叶光场显微镜 (FLFM) 在生物动力学的高速体积成像中显示出巨大的潜力。然而，由于宽视场照明的固有缺点，它会受到来自景深信号和组织散射噪声的强烈背景的影响。背景不仅会恶化图像对比度，使定量测量变得困难，而且还会引入伪影，特别是在体内神经元网络活动的功能成像中。在这里，我们提出了稳健的傅立叶光场显微镜 (RFFLFM)，它通过引入结构化照明和基于 HiLo 的计算重建来抑制 FLFM 中的背景。RFFLFM 的卓越性能通过对斑马鱼幼虫和小鼠的生物动力学的体积成像进行验证体内，以高达 33.3 Hz 的体积成像速率。统计结果表明，荧光背景可以显着降低，信背景比提高了几个数量级，整个图像的对比度提高了多达$～10.4$次。此外，我们强调，在混浊脑组织中神经元网络活动的功能成像中，我们的系统可以避免背景波动导致的伪影，而传统的光场显微镜却失败了。作为一个简单但功能强大的工具，我们预计我们的技术将在稳健、高对比度、高速体积成像中得到广泛采用。