As developmental scholars increasingly study ethnic and racial identity among white youth, careful reflection is needed regarding its framing, implementation, and interpretation. In this three-part conceptual paper, we offer a foundation for such reflection. First, we discuss the sociocultural context of white supremacy that shapes U.S. society, psychology, and adolescent development, and situate the study of ethnic and racial identity among white youth within this context. Second, we consider Janet Helms’s White Racial Identity Development model, reviewing theory and research building on her argument that race—and whiteness, specifically—must be centered to achieve racial justice-oriented scholarship on white identity. We conclude by offering four guiding insights for conducting critical research on racial identity development among white youth.

中文翻译：

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研究白人青年的种族认同：作为发展背景的白人至上

随着发展学者越来越多地研究白人青年的种族和种族身份，需要对其框架、实施和解释进行仔细思考。在这篇由三部分组成的概念性论文中，我们为这种反思提供了基础。首先，我们讨论了塑造美国社会、心理和青少年发展的白人至上的社会文化背景，并将白人青年的种族和种族认同研究置于这一背景下。其次，我们考虑珍妮特赫尔姆斯的白人种族身份发展模型，回顾基于她的论点的理论和研究，即种族——特别是白人——必须以实现种族正义为导向的白人身份研究为中心。最后，我们提供了四个指导性见解，用于对白人青年的种族认同发展进行批判性研究。