OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) sensitivity of quartz has been shown to either (1) record downstream sediment transport related to increased number and duration of light exposure cycles or (2) be a function of source geology, presenting a potential tool to track sediment provenance. To test these competing models this study leverages a suite of modern river samples from an extensional basin system in the Rocky Mountains of western USA (Bear River) and a retroarc foreland basin system in the southern Central Andes of Argentina (Río San Juan) to understand the relationships among quartz luminescence sensitivity, sediment transport distance, and catchment lithologies. We compare our results with petrographic analysis of the river sand composition, and characterization of the lithology and morphometrics of the river catchments. Samples taken along the Bear River and its major tributaries in the Rocky Mountains show a progressive downstream decrease in quartz OSL sensitivity that records variation in sediment provenance and steady contribution of lower OSL sensitivity quartz recycled from Palaeozoic passive margin stratigraphy. Andean river sand samples from the Rio San Juan network exhibit pervasive low sensitivity quartz derived from Andean arc volcanic rocks and recycled Neogene foreland basin strata. These modern river sand data do not show increased sensitivity with transport distance and instead indicates that in these landscapes, quartz OSL sensitivity is an intrinsic property of the source rock. Our study shows that river sands primarily composed of older, recycled low-strained quartz derived from quartzite lithologies exhibit the highest quartz sensitivity values. Moderate quartz OSL sensitivity values are observed in rivers with young igneous quartz derived directly from the volcanic and intrusive rocks. Conversely, microcrystalline quartz in chert lithic grains or polycrystalline quartz found in composite metamorphic lithic grains record the lowest quartz OSL sensitivity values. Determining the controlling factors of quartz sensitivity in river sand provides a current baseline for resolving paleogeographic and paleodrainage histories in the sedimentary record and provides further understanding of how sediments are eroded, transported, and deposited in fluvial systems with diverse tectonic settings and geologic source rocks.

石英的 OSL（光激发发光）敏感性已被证明可以 (1) 记录与光照循环次数和持续时间增加相关的下游沉积物迁移，或 (2) 是源地质学的函数，为追踪沉积物来源提供了一种潜在工具. 为了测试这些竞争模型，本研究利用来自美国西部落基山脉（熊河）的伸展盆地系统和阿根廷中安第斯山脉南部（里奥圣胡安）的弧后前陆盆地系统的一套现代河流样本来了解石英发光敏感性、沉积物输送距离和流域岩性之间的关系。我们将我们的结果与河沙成分的岩相分析以及河流集水区的岩性和形态特征进行了比较。沿贝尔河及其在落基山脉的主要支流采集的样本显示，石英 OSL 敏感性在下游逐渐降低，这记录了沉积物源的变化以及从古生代被动边缘地层回收的较低 OSL 敏感性石英的稳定贡献。来自 Rio San Juan 网络的安第斯河沙样品显示出普遍存在的低灵敏度石英，这些石英来源于安第斯弧火山岩和再生的新近纪前陆盆地地层。这些现代河砂数据并没有显示随着传输距离的增加敏感性增加，而是表明在这些景观中，石英 OSL 敏感性是烃源岩的固有特性。我们的研究表明，河沙主要由较老的、源自石英岩岩性的再生低应变石英表现出最高的石英灵敏度值。在含有直接来自火山岩和侵入岩的年轻火成石英的河流中观察到中等石英 OSL 灵敏度值。相反，燧石岩屑中的微晶石英或复合变质岩屑中的多晶石英记录了最低的石英 OSL 灵敏度值。确定河砂中石英敏感性的控制因素为解决沉积记录中的古地理和古水系历史提供了当前基线，并进一步了解了沉积物在具有不同构造环境和地质烃源岩的河流系统中是如何被侵蚀、输送和沉积的。在含有直接来自火山岩和侵入岩的年轻火成石英的河流中观察到中等石英 OSL 灵敏度值。相反，燧石岩屑中的微晶石英或复合变质岩屑中的多晶石英记录了最低的石英 OSL 灵敏度值。确定河砂中石英敏感性的控制因素为解决沉积记录中的古地理和古水系历史提供了当前基线，并进一步了解了沉积物在具有不同构造环境和地质烃源岩的河流系统中是如何被侵蚀、输送和沉积的。在含有直接来自火山岩和侵入岩的年轻火成石英的河流中观察到中等石英 OSL 灵敏度值。相反，燧石岩屑中的微晶石英或复合变质岩屑中的多晶石英记录了最低的石英 OSL 灵敏度值。确定河砂中石英敏感性的控制因素为解决沉积记录中的古地理和古水系历史提供了当前基线，并进一步了解了沉积物在具有不同构造环境和地质烃源岩的河流系统中是如何被侵蚀、输送和沉积的。燧石岩屑中的微晶石英或复合变质岩屑中的多晶石英记录了最低的石英 OSL 灵敏度值。确定河砂中石英敏感性的控制因素为解决沉积记录中的古地理和古水系历史提供了当前基线，并进一步了解了沉积物在具有不同构造环境和地质烃源岩的河流系统中是如何被侵蚀、输送和沉积的。燧石岩屑中的微晶石英或复合变质岩屑中的多晶石英记录了最低的石英 OSL 灵敏度值。确定河砂中石英敏感性的控制因素为解决沉积记录中的古地理和古水系历史提供了当前基线，并进一步了解了沉积物在具有不同构造环境和地质烃源岩的河流系统中是如何被侵蚀、输送和沉积的。