Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the emotional health of adolescents, especially those with low resilience and life satisfaction. The aim is to analyze the predictors of anxiety, depression, and stress among adolescents in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Participants were 586 adolescents from Ecuador aged between 12–18 years (M = 15.30; SD = 1.28). Satisfaction, resilience, anxiety, depression, stress and worries about COVID-19 were assessed. Structural equation models (SEM) and models based on qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) were performed. The results indicate that worries are associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. However, higher physical health worries are associated with lower emotional distress. SEM models indicate that life satisfaction is negatively associated with emotional distress. In QCA models, emotional distress is explained by high worries, low resilience, and life satisfaction. Life satisfaction plays a mediating role in emotional distress.

In conclusion, adolescents are one of the groups particularly vulnerable to this situation of restriction created by COVID-19. It is necessary to detect signs of risk and protection in emotional adjustment, especially life satisfaction, that appears like principal damper variable.

摘要

COVID-19 大流行影响了青少年的情绪健康，尤其是那些复原力和生活满意度低的人。目的是分析 COVID-19 大流行期间厄瓜多尔青少年的焦虑、抑郁和压力的预测因素。

参与者是来自厄瓜多尔的 586 名青少年，年龄在 12-18 岁之间 （M  =  15.30；SD  = 1.28）。评估了对 COVID-19 的满意度、复原力、焦虑、抑郁、压力和担忧。进行了结构方程模型 (SEM) 和基于定性比较分析 (QCA) 的模型。结果表明，担忧与抑郁、焦虑和压力有关。然而，较高的身体健康担忧与较低的情绪困扰有关。SEM 模型表明，生活满意度与情绪困扰呈负相关。在 QCA 模型中，情绪困扰可以用高担忧、低复原力和生活满意度来解释。生活满意度在情绪困扰中起中介作用。

总之，青少年是特别容易受到 COVID-19 造成的这种限制情况的群体之一。有必要在情绪调节中发现风险和保护的迹象，特别是生活满意度，这似乎是主要的阻尼变量。