Flooding can cause billions of dollars in crop losses per year. One method to combat susceptibility to flooding is through the identification and use of crops that withstand short flooding events. Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) is an underused crop native to North America and currently grown in small amounts by the indigenous peoples of the Sonoran Desert of northern Mexico and southwestern United States. The genome of tepary bean is being used to improve heat, drought, and pest tolerances in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) through morpho-physiological changes to the shoots and roots. This study evaluated the effect of different flooding periods on biomass production and tissue C and N content of tepary bean compared with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The study also defined areas of Kansas and Oklahoma that may flood during periods of 1–3 d and potential effects on the two legumes. The analysis determined that for any 1 yr, 22% of Kansas cropland would flood during a 24-h period and 16% would flood during a 72-h (3-d) period. For Oklahoma, 30% of cropland would flood during a 24-h period and 25% would flood during a 72-h period. Although tepary bean withstands the abiotic stresses of high temperature and low precipitation, there was less evidence of flood tolerance. Overall, tepary bean genotypes survive 24-h flooding events, whereas 72-h events are detrimental to all traits evaluated. The highly erratic high intensity summer rainfalls common to the Southern Great Plains may reduce the ability of tepary bean to dependably produce biomass. Future breeding efforts should include developing flood tolerance in tepary bean to expand the region of use for this legume.

中文翻译：

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美国南部大平原地区茶豆的耐洪性和洪水损失预测

洪水每年会造成数十亿美元的农作物损失。对抗洪水易感性的一种方法是通过识别和使用能够承受短暂洪水事件的作物。茶豆（Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray）是一种原产于北美洲的未被充分利用的作物，目前由墨西哥北部索诺兰沙漠和美国西南部的土著人民少量种植。茶豆的基因组被用于通过对芽和根的形态生理变化来提高普通豆 ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 的耐热、干旱和害虫耐受性。本研究评估了不同淹水期对黄豆与大豆的生物量产量和组织 C 和 N 含量的影响 [ Glycine max(L.) Merr.]。该研究还确定了堪萨斯州和俄克拉荷马州可能在 1-3 天期间发生洪水的地区以及对这两种豆类的潜在影响。分析确定，在任何 1 年中，堪萨斯州 22% 的农田将在 24 小时内被洪水淹没，16% 将在 72 小时（3 天）期间被洪水淹没。对于俄克拉荷马州，30% 的农田会在 24 小时内被洪水淹没，25% 的农田会在 72 小时内被洪水淹没。尽管 teary bean 能够承受高温和低降水的非生物胁迫，但抗洪能力的证据较少。总体而言，茶豆基因型在 24 小时洪水事件中存活，而 72 小时事件对评估的所有性状都是有害的。南部大平原常见的高度不稳定的高强度夏季降雨可能会降低茶豆可靠地生产生物质的能力。