Background

The use of compression garments (CGs) during or after training and competition has gained popularity in the last few decades. However, the data concerning CGs’ beneficial effects on muscle strength-related outcomes after physical exercise remain inconclusive.

Objective

The aim was to determine whether wearing CGs during or after physical exercise would facilitate the recovery of muscle strength-related outcomes.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted across five databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCOhost). Data from 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 350 healthy participants were extracted and meta-analytically computed. Weighted between-study standardized mean differences (SMDs) with respect to their standard errors (SEs) were aggregated and corrected for sample size to compute overall SMDs. The type of physical exercise, the body area and timing of CG application, and the time interval between the end of the exercise and subsequent testing were assessed.

Results

CGs produced no strength-sparing effects (SMD [95% confidence interval]) at the following time points (t) after physical exercise: immediately ≤ t < 24 h: − 0.02 (− 0.22 to 0.19), p = 0.87; 24 ≤ t < 48 h: − 0.00 (− 0.22 to 0.21), p = 0.98; 48 ≤ t < 72 h: − 0.03 (− 0.43 to 0.37), p = 0.87; 72 ≤ t < 96 h: 0.14 (− 0.21 to 0.49), p = 0.43; 96 h ≤ t: 0.26 (− 0.33 to 0.85), p = 0.38. The body area where the CG was applied had no strength-sparing effects. CGs revealed weak strength-sparing effects after plyometric exercise.

Conclusion

Meta-analytical evidence suggests that wearing a CG during or after training does not seem to facilitate the recovery of muscle strength following physical exercise. Practitioners, athletes, coaches, and trainers should reconsider the use of CG as a tool to reduce the effects of physical exercise on muscle strength.

Trial Registration Number

PROSPERO CRD42021246753.

中文翻译：

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压缩服装可以减少体育锻炼对肌肉力量的有害影响吗？系统评价和荟萃分析

背景

在过去的几十年里，在训练和比赛期间或之后使用压缩服装 (CG) 已经流行起来。然而，关于 CG 对体育锻炼后肌肉力量相关结果的有益影响的数据仍然没有定论。

客观的

目的是确定在体育锻炼期间或之后佩戴 CG 是否会促进肌肉力量相关结果的恢复。

方法

对五个数据库（PubMed、SPORTDiscus、Web of Science、Scopus 和 EBSCOhost）进行了系统的文献检索。提取了包括 350 名健康参与者在内的 19 项随机对照试验 (RCT) 的数据并进行了荟萃分析计算。加权研究间标准化平均差 (SMD) 相对于其标准误差 (SE) 进行汇总并针对样本大小进行校正，以计算总体 SMD。对体育锻炼的类型、身体部位和 CG 应用时间以及锻炼结束与后续测试之间的时间间隔进行了评估。

结果

CGs在体育锻炼后 的以下时间点 ( t ) 没有产生强度保留效应 (SMD [95% 置信区间])：立即 ≤ t  < 24 小时：- 0.02 (- 0.22 至 0.19)，p  = 0.87；24 ≤  t  < 48 h：- 0.00（- 0.22 至 0.21），p  = 0.98；48 ≤  t  < 72 h：- 0.03（- 0.43 至 0.37），p  = 0.87；72 ≤  t  < 96 h：0.14（- 0.21 至 0.49），p  = 0.43；96 h ≤  t：0.26（- 0.33 至 0.85），p  = 0.38。应用 CG 的身体区域没有强度保留效果。CG 显示增强式运动后强度保留效果较弱。

结论

荟萃分析证据表明，在训练期间或训练后佩戴 CG 似乎并不能促进体育锻炼后肌肉力量的恢复。从业者、运动员、教练和训练员应该重新考虑使用 CG 作为一种工具来减少体育锻炼对肌肉力量的影响。

试用注册号

PROSPERO CRD42021246753。