The reservoir characteristics and palaeo-fluid evolution process of Ganchaigou area in west Qaidam basin was analyzed through microscopic observation, fluid inclusions, quantitative grain fluorescence and tectonic evolution history. The reservoir rock in the Ganchaigou is dominated by carbonate rock and the pore space. The Ganchaigou area has experienced two stages of hydrocarbon charge and the destruction of late shallow reservoirs: the first stage was the deposition period of the Shangganchaigou Formation (approximately 27 Ma), which experienced low-mature and immature crude oil charge, with a Ro range from 0.35 to 0.72%. It has the characteristics of continuous accumulation of shale oil under self-sealing and self-storage conditions. The corresponding fluid inclusions are mainly yellow–brown and yellow in fluorescence color. The development of saline lacustrine source rocks, the early rapid burial of source rocks and tight carbonate-siliciclastic reservoir made the accumulation of early crude oil possible. The second stage is the late deposition period of the Xiayoushashan Formation (approximately 15 Ma ago), which experienced mature crude oil charge, with a Ro range from 0.51 to1.11%. Affected by the Himalayan orogenic movement, the shallow and deep traps formed a vertical stacking relationship, leading to a deep and shallow multilayered hydrocarbon accumulation model. After the deposition of the Shangyoushashan Formation, orogenic activities in the Eastern Kunlun Range and Altyn Tage Range intensified, a large amount of denudation in the shallow strata occurred, and the integrity of shallow local traps was destroyed, resulting in the loss of crude oil from the shallow traps and a large amount of oil sands forming in outcrop. The traps developed in deep strata still have great exploration potential in this area.

通过显微观察、流体包裹体、定量颗粒荧光和构造演化史等方法，分析了柴西干柴沟地区储层特征及古流体演化过程。干柴沟储集岩以碳酸盐岩和孔隙空间为主。干柴沟地区经历了油气充注和晚期浅层储层破坏两个阶段：第一阶段为上干柴沟组沉积期（约27 Ma），经历了低成熟和未成熟原油充注，Ro范围从 0.35 到 0.72%。具有页岩油在自封自储条件下连续聚集的特点。相应的流体包裹体以黄褐色和黄色荧光色为主。盐湖相烃源岩的发育、烃源岩的早期快速埋藏和致密的碳酸盐—硅质碎屑储层使早期原油的聚集成为可能。第二阶段为下油沙山组沉积晚期（约 15 Ma 前），原油成熟充注，Ro 范围为 0.51%～1.11%。受喜马拉雅造山运动影响，浅、深圈闭形成垂向叠置关系，形成深浅多层成藏模式。上油沙山组沉积后，东昆仑山脉和阿尔金塔格山脉的造山活动加剧，浅层发生大量剥蚀，破坏了局部浅层圈闭的完整性，导致浅层圈闭原油流失，露头形成大量油砂。深层发育的圈闭在该区仍有很大的勘探潜力。