Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Ahead of Print.
Prey fish abundance can be influenced by predation (top-down) and food limitation (bottom-up) effects. I characterized temporal trends in yearling and older (YAO) alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) biomass density, as estimated by a long-term bottom trawl survey, in Lake Michigan during 1973–2019. Special attention was given to the bacterial kidney disease (BKD) outbreak in the population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), the predominant predator on alewives in the lake. YAO alewife biomass density exhibited a steep and significant decline during 1973–1985, but then partially rebounded with a significant increase between the 1983–1985 and 1986–2003 (BKD years) periods, followed by a significant decrease between the 1986–2003 and 2004–2006 periods. YAO alewife biomass density showed another significant decline during 2004–2019. The BKD outbreak led to a partial relaxation of predation on the YAO alewife population, and YAO alewife biomass density responded by showing a moderate increase in 1986 and then fluctuating about this moderately higher level for more than 15 years. Overall, temporal trends in YAO alewife biomass density were primarily driven by predation.

中文翻译：

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密歇根湖奇努克鲑鱼种群中食蚁兽数量对细菌性肾病爆发的反应：捕食的重要性

加拿大渔业和水生科学杂志，印刷前。
捕食（自上而下）和食物限制（自下而上）效应会影响猎物鱼类的丰度。根据一项长期底拖网调查估计，1973-2019 年期间，我描述了密歇根湖一岁和老年 (YAO) alewfe (Alosa pseudoharengus) 生物量密度的时间趋势。特别关注了奇努克鲑鱼 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 种群中细菌性肾病 (BKD) 的爆发，该鲑鱼是湖中 alewives 的主要捕食者。YAO alewife 生物量密度在 1973-1985 年间急剧下降，但随后部分反弹，在 1983-1985 和 1986-2003（BKD 年）期间显着增加，随后在 1986-2003 和 2004 年间显着下降–2006 年期间。在 2004-2019 年间，YAO alewife 生物量密度再次显着下降。BKD爆发导致对YAO alewife种群的捕食部分放松，YAO alewife生物量密度在1986年表现出适度增加，然后在这个适度较高的水平上下波动超过15年。总体而言，YAO alewife 生物量密度的时间趋势主要由捕食驱动。