We propose a model of basic self-regulatory mechanisms that integrates descriptive-structural and dynamic-explanatory approaches to personality. Using a structural way of thinking and based on a structural model of personality (the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits), we deduced two orthogonal (distinct) but interactive mechanisms: (a) Impulse Control responsible for controlling automatically activated impulses, urges, and affective reactions and (b) Self-Motivation responsible for regulating intentions in goal-oriented behaviors. Their operation depends on both situational and dispositional factors and optimal functioning of both mechanisms is needed for effective regulation of behavior. People can also be characterized by relatively stable levels of Impulse Control and Self-Motivation as dispositions, which depend on temperamental predispositions but can develop incoherently with them due to the impact of environmental factors. Combinations of Impulse Control and Self-Motivation as dispositions result in personality types, which differ in their adaptiveness. Importantly, Impulse Control and Self-Motivation mechanisms reveal substantial similarities to other self-regulatory constructs described in the literature, particularly those included in Block and Block's as well as Kuhl's theories. The contribution of our paper may serve as an example of how to apply the descriptive-structural approach to develop a dynamic-explanatory model of personality.

中文翻译：

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需要多少和什么机制来解释人格动力学中的自我调节功能：建立基于人格元特征循环的模型

我们提出了一种基本自我调节机制的模型，该模型整合了人格的描述性结构和动态解释方法。使用结构性思维方式并基于人格结构模型（人格元特征的循环），我们推导出两个正交（不同）但相互作用的机制：（a）冲动控制，负责控制自动激活的冲动、冲动和情感反应(b) 自我激励负责调节目标导向行为的意图。它们的运作取决于情境和性格因素，并且需要两种机制的最佳运作才能有效调节行为。人们还可以通过相对稳定的冲动控制和自我激励水平来表征，如性格、这些取决于气质倾向，但由于环境因素的影响，可能会与气质倾向不一致。冲动控制和自我激励的结合会产生不同的适应性的人格类型。重要的是，冲动控制和自我激励机制揭示了与文献中描述的其他自我调节结构的本质相似性，特别是那些包含在布洛克和布洛克以及库尔的理论中的结构。我们论文的贡献可以作为如何应用描述结构方法来开发动态解释人格模型的例子。它们的适应性不同。重要的是，冲动控制和自我激励机制揭示了与文献中描述的其他自我调节结构的本质相似性，特别是那些包含在布洛克和布洛克以及库尔的理论中的结构。我们论文的贡献可以作为如何应用描述结构方法来开发动态解释人格模型的例子。它们的适应性不同。重要的是，冲动控制和自我激励机制揭示了与文献中描述的其他自我调节结构的本质相似性，特别是那些包含在布洛克和布洛克以及库尔的理论中的结构。我们论文的贡献可以作为如何应用描述结构方法来开发动态解释人格模型的例子。